One-flask synthesis of cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP).

The bacterial signaling molecule, cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), plays a key role in controlling biofilm formation and pathogenic virulence, among many other functions. It has widespread consequences for human health, and current research is actively exploring its molecular mechanisms. The convenient one-flask, gram-scale synthesis of c-di-GMP described here will facilitate these efforts.