H reflex and spinal excitability: methodological considerations.

The Hoffmann reflex has been the tool most commonly used in exercise studies to investigate modulations in spinal excitability. However, the evolution of electromyographic responses with the increase in stimulation intensity has rarely been assessed when the muscle is active. The purpose of this study was thus to identify that part of the recruitment curve at which the investigation of the Hoffmann reflex is the most reliable in assessing spinal excitability during muscle contraction. Two recruitment curves were determined from the soleus and the medialis gastrocnemius, in passive and active (50% of maximal isometric voluntary contraction) conditions. No differences were found between the H reflexes in the two conditions in the ascending part of the recruitment curves, while the intensity necessary to elicit the same percentage of maximal H wave was different in the descending part of the curve, up to the maximal M wave. We concluded that during motor tasks, changes in spinal excitability should be assessed by recording H responses in the ascending part of the curve, where modulations do not depend either on the background electrical activity of the muscle tested or on methodological considerations.