Nils Milman1, Anne-Mette Hvas, Thomas Bergholt. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark. nils.mil@dadlnet.dk
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: To assess vitamin D status during normal pregnancy and in the postpartum lactation period. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: The study comprised 141 healthy, ethnic Danish women with normal pregnancies, who were residents in Greater Copenhagen. Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D2+D3(25-OH-vitamin D) was measured at 18, 32 and 39 weeks' gestation and 8 weeks postpartum. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in 25-OH-vitamin D from 18 to 32 weeks' gestation (P=0.0001) followed by a significant decrease from 32 to 39 weeks (P=0.001) as well as from 39 weeks to 8 weeks postpartum (P<0.0001). At 18, 32, 39 weeks' gestation and 8 weeks postpartum, median 25-OH-vitamin D values were 77, 98, 91, and 73 nmol/L, respectively. During pregnancy and postpartum, none of the women displayed severe vitamin D deficiency (values <13 nmol/L). Between 1.4% and 4.3% of the participants displayed moderate vitamin D deficiency (values 13-24 nmol/L), 16-19% displayed vitamin D insufficiency (values 25-50 nmol/L), 77-84% had values >50 nmol/L and 0.7-2.8% had values >200 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: Low vitamin D status is frequent among pregnant Danish women, especially in late pregnancy and during lactation. Median dietary intake of vitamin D in women of reproductive age was 2.4 μg/day (10-90 percentile range=1.4-5.0). The recommendations for vitamin D supplementation prior to conception, during pregnancy and lactation should be reconsidered.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: To assess vitamin D status during normal pregnancy and in the postpartum lactation period. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: The study comprised 141 healthy, ethnic Danish women with normal pregnancies, who were residents in Greater Copenhagen. Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D2+D3(25-OH-vitamin D) was measured at 18, 32 and 39 weeks' gestation and 8 weeks postpartum. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in 25-OH-vitamin D from 18 to 32 weeks' gestation (P=0.0001) followed by a significant decrease from 32 to 39 weeks (P=0.001) as well as from 39 weeks to 8 weeks postpartum (P<0.0001). At 18, 32, 39 weeks' gestation and 8 weeks postpartum, median 25-OH-vitamin D values were 77, 98, 91, and 73 nmol/L, respectively. During pregnancy and postpartum, none of the women displayed severe vitamin D deficiency (values <13 nmol/L). Between 1.4% and 4.3% of the participants displayed moderate vitamin D deficiency (values 13-24 nmol/L), 16-19% displayed vitamin Dinsufficiency (values 25-50 nmol/L), 77-84% had values >50 nmol/L and 0.7-2.8% had values >200 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: Low vitamin D status is frequent among pregnant Danish women, especially in late pregnancy and during lactation. Median dietary intake of vitamin D in women of reproductive age was 2.4 μg/day (10-90 percentile range=1.4-5.0). The recommendations for vitamin D supplementation prior to conception, during pregnancy and lactation should be reconsidered.
Authors: Catherine Morgan; Linda Dodds; Donald B Langille; Hope A Weiler; B Anthony Armson; Jean-Claude Forest; Yves Giguère; Christy G Woolcott Journal: Arch Gynecol Obstet Date: 2015-09-24 Impact factor: 2.344
Authors: Geetha Chittoor; Nicholas M Pajewski; V Saroja Voruganti; Anthony G Comuzzie; Thomas B Clarkson; Matthew Nudy; Peter F Schnatz; Jay R Kaplan; Matthew J Jorgensen Journal: Am J Phys Anthropol Date: 2015-12-28 Impact factor: 2.868
Authors: Marlies K Ozias; Elizabeth H Kerling; Danielle N Christifano; Susan A Scholtz; John Colombo; Susan E Carlson Journal: J Am Coll Nutr Date: 2014-10-10 Impact factor: 3.169