BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Global burdens of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and cancer are on the rise. Little quantitative data are available on the global impact of diet on these conditions. The objective of this study was to develop systematic and comparable methods to quantitatively assess the impact of suboptimal dietary habits on CVD, diabetes and cancer burdens globally and in 21 world regions. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Using a comparative risk assessment framework, we developed methods to establish for selected dietary risk factors the effect sizes of probable or convincing causal diet-disease relationships, the alternative minimum-risk exposure distributions and the exposure distributions. These inputs, together with disease-specific mortality rates, allow computation of the numbers of events attributable to each dietary factor. RESULTS: Using World Health Organization and similar evidence criteria for convincing/probable causal effects, we identified 14 potential diet-disease relationships. Effect sizes and ranges of uncertainty will be derived from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of trials or high-quality observational studies. Alternative minimum-risk distributions were identified based on amounts corresponding to the lowest disease rates in populations. Optimal and alternative definitions for each exposure were established based on the data used to quantify harmful or protective effects. We developed methods for identifying and obtaining data from nationally representative surveys. A ranking scale was developed to assess survey quality and validity of dietary assessment methods. Multi-level hierarchical models will be developed to impute missing data. CONCLUSIONS: These new methods will allow, for the first time, assessment of the global impact of specific dietary factors on chronic disease mortality. Such global assessment is not only possible but is also imperative for priority setting and policy making.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Global burdens of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and cancer are on the rise. Little quantitative data are available on the global impact of diet on these conditions. The objective of this study was to develop systematic and comparable methods to quantitatively assess the impact of suboptimal dietary habits on CVD, diabetes and cancer burdens globally and in 21 world regions. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Using a comparative risk assessment framework, we developed methods to establish for selected dietary risk factors the effect sizes of probable or convincing causal diet-disease relationships, the alternative minimum-risk exposure distributions and the exposure distributions. These inputs, together with disease-specific mortality rates, allow computation of the numbers of events attributable to each dietary factor. RESULTS: Using World Health Organization and similar evidence criteria for convincing/probable causal effects, we identified 14 potential diet-disease relationships. Effect sizes and ranges of uncertainty will be derived from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of trials or high-quality observational studies. Alternative minimum-risk distributions were identified based on amounts corresponding to the lowest disease rates in populations. Optimal and alternative definitions for each exposure were established based on the data used to quantify harmful or protective effects. We developed methods for identifying and obtaining data from nationally representative surveys. A ranking scale was developed to assess survey quality and validity of dietary assessment methods. Multi-level hierarchical models will be developed to impute missing data. CONCLUSIONS: These new methods will allow, for the first time, assessment of the global impact of specific dietary factors on chronic disease mortality. Such global assessment is not only possible but is also imperative for priority setting and policy making.
Authors: Jason H Y Wu; Renata Micha; Fumiaki Imamura; An Pan; Mary L Biggs; Owais Ajaz; Luc Djousse; Frank B Hu; Dariush Mozaffarian Journal: Br J Nutr Date: 2012-06 Impact factor: 3.718
Authors: Robert H Eckel; John M Jakicic; Jamy D Ard; Janet M de Jesus; Nancy Houston Miller; Van S Hubbard; I-Min Lee; Alice H Lichtenstein; Catherine M Loria; Barbara E Millen; Cathy A Nonas; Frank M Sacks; Sidney C Smith; Laura P Svetkey; Thomas A Wadden; Susan Z Yanovski; Karima A Kendall; Laura C Morgan; Michael G Trisolini; George Velasco; Janusz Wnek; Jeffrey L Anderson; Jonathan L Halperin; Nancy M Albert; Biykem Bozkurt; Ralph G Brindis; Lesley H Curtis; David DeMets; Judith S Hochman; Richard J Kovacs; E Magnus Ohman; Susan J Pressler; Frank W Sellke; Win-Kuang Shen; Sidney C Smith; Gordon F Tomaselli Journal: Circulation Date: 2013-11-12 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Mohammad Y Yakoob; Renata Micha; Shahab Khatibzadeh; Gitanjali M Singh; Peilin Shi; Habibul Ahsan; Nagalla Balakrishna; Ginnela N V Brahmam; Yu Chen; Ashkan Afshin; Saman Fahimi; Goodarz Danaei; John W Powles; Majid Ezzati; Dariush Mozaffarian Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2016-10-13 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Renata Micha; Jose L Peñalvo; Frederick Cudhea; Fumiaki Imamura; Colin D Rehm; Dariush Mozaffarian Journal: JAMA Date: 2017-03-07 Impact factor: 56.272