BACKGROUND:Glycemic effects of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) low-fat dietary intervention are unknown. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to analyze the effects of the WHI low-fat dietary intervention on serum glucose and insulin and insulin resistance up to 6 y after random assignment. DESIGN:Postmenopausal WHI Dietary Modification trial intervention (DM-I) and comparison (DM-C) participants with blood measures at least at baseline and year 1 (n = 2263) were included. Anthropometric measures, dietary assessments, serum glucose and insulin concentrations, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) measures, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) values were obtained at baseline, year 1, year 3, and year 6. Changes in measures were compared between groups at years 1, 3, and 6 overall and within stratified analyses. RESULTS: Mean (±SD) differences in changes at year 1 between the DM-I and DM-C groups were as follows: glucose, -1.7 ± 17.9 mg/dL; insulin, -0.7 ± 5.1 μIU/mL; HOMA-IR, -0.2 ± 1.9; and QUICKI, 0.004 ± 0.019 (all P < 0.05). Similar findings resulted from repeated-measures analyses comparing the intervention and comparison groups over the 6 y. Whereas normoglycemic women at baseline had a decrease in glucose at year 1 that was 1.9 ± 17.2 mg/dL greater in the DM-I than in the DM-C group, diabetic women had an increase in glucose that was 7.9 ± 20.3 mg/dL greater in the DM-I than in the DM-C group (P for interaction <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A low-fat diet was not significantly associated with adverse glycemic effects up to 6 y after random assignment in postmenopausal women. However, diabetic women experienced adverse glycemic effects of the low-fat diet. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Glycemic effects of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) low-fat dietary intervention are unknown. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to analyze the effects of the WHI low-fat dietary intervention on serum glucose and insulin and insulin resistance up to 6 y after random assignment. DESIGN: Postmenopausal WHI Dietary Modification trial intervention (DM-I) and comparison (DM-C) participants with blood measures at least at baseline and year 1 (n = 2263) were included. Anthropometric measures, dietary assessments, serum glucose and insulin concentrations, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) measures, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) values were obtained at baseline, year 1, year 3, and year 6. Changes in measures were compared between groups at years 1, 3, and 6 overall and within stratified analyses. RESULTS: Mean (±SD) differences in changes at year 1 between the DM-I and DM-C groups were as follows: glucose, -1.7 ± 17.9 mg/dL; insulin, -0.7 ± 5.1 μIU/mL; HOMA-IR, -0.2 ± 1.9; and QUICKI, 0.004 ± 0.019 (all P < 0.05). Similar findings resulted from repeated-measures analyses comparing the intervention and comparison groups over the 6 y. Whereas normoglycemic women at baseline had a decrease in glucose at year 1 that was 1.9 ± 17.2 mg/dL greater in the DM-I than in the DM-C group, diabeticwomen had an increase in glucose that was 7.9 ± 20.3 mg/dL greater in the DM-I than in the DM-C group (P for interaction <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A low-fat diet was not significantly associated with adverse glycemic effects up to 6 y after random assignment in postmenopausal women. However, diabeticwomen experienced adverse glycemic effects of the low-fat diet. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.
Authors: A Katz; S S Nambi; K Mather; A D Baron; D A Follmann; G Sullivan; M J Quon Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2000-07 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Cara L Carty; Charles Kooperberg; Marian L Neuhouser; Lesley Tinker; Barbara Howard; Jean Wactawski-Wende; Shirley A A Beresford; Linda Snetselaar; Mara Vitolins; Matthew Allison; Nicole Budrys; Ross Prentice; Ulrike Peters Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2010-12-22 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Marian L Neuhouser; Lesley F Tinker; Cynthia Thomson; Bette Caan; Linda Van Horn; Linda Snetselaar; Linda M Parker; Ruth E Patterson; Ramona Robinson-O'Brien; Shirley A A Beresford; James M Shikany Journal: J Nutr Date: 2006-06 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Lesley F Tinker; Denise E Bonds; Karen L Margolis; JoAnn E Manson; Barbara V Howard; Joseph Larson; Michael G Perri; Shirley A A Beresford; Jennifer G Robinson; Beatriz Rodríguez; Monika M Safford; Nanette K Wenger; Victor J Stevens; Linda M Parker Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2008-07-28
Authors: David J A Jenkins; Cyril W C Kendall; Gail McKeown-Eyssen; Robert G Josse; Jay Silverberg; Gillian L Booth; Edward Vidgen; Andrea R Josse; Tri H Nguyen; Sorcha Corrigan; Monica S Banach; Sophie Ares; Sandy Mitchell; Azadeh Emam; Livia S A Augustin; Tina L Parker; Lawrence A Leiter Journal: JAMA Date: 2008-12-17 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Karen L Margolis; Robert Brzyski; Denise E Bonds; Barbara V Howard; Sarah Kempainen; Jennifer G Robinson; Monika M Safford; Lesley T Tinker; Lawrence S Phillips Journal: Clin Trials Date: 2008 Impact factor: 2.486
Authors: Marian L Neuhouser; Barbara Howard; Jingmin Lu; Lesley F Tinker; Linda Van Horn; Bette Caan; Thomas Rohan; Marcia L Stefanick; Cynthia A Thomson Journal: Metabolism Date: 2012-05-26 Impact factor: 8.694
Authors: Christopher D Gardner; Lisa C Offringa; Jennifer C Hartle; Kris Kapphahn; Rise Cherin Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2015-12-06 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Meghana D Gadgil; Lawrence J Appel; Edwina Yeung; Cheryl A M Anderson; Frank M Sacks; Edgar R Miller Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2012-12-05 Impact factor: 19.112