Literature DB >> 18752009

A community outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with a cooling tower in Vic and Gurb, Catalonia (Spain) in 2005.

M R Sala Ferré1, C Arias, J M Oliva, A Pedrol, M García, T Pellicer, P Roura, A Domínguez.   

Abstract

We report the investigation of a community-acquired outbreak of Legionnaires' disease. An epidemiological, environmental, and meteorological investigation was undertaken. Fifty-five cases were reported in October and November 2005. The exposure occurred in a large area, with 12 cases (21.8%) located between 1,800 and 3,400 metres from the source. Water sample cultures showed that Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Lp-1) was present in five cooling towers in two industrial locations in Gurb (plants A and B). Two Lp-1 strains were recovered from plants A and B, but only Lp-1 strains from plant A showed a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile identical to those obtained from three of the cases. Inspection of the cooling towers in plant A revealed inadequate maintenance. Weather conditions in October 2005, with mostly high temperatures and high humidity, together with the flat terrain could have been favouring factors. This study showed a community outbreak from a cooling tower as a common source in a large area. Climate and terrain could explain the dissemination of contaminated aerosols.

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Year:  2008        PMID： 18752009     DOI： 10.1007/s10096-008-0603-6

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis        ISSN： 0934-9723            Impact factor:   3.267


  24 in total

1.  It's not the heat, it's the humidity: wet weather increases legionellosis risk in the greater Philadelphia metropolitan area.

Authors:  David N Fisman; Suet Lim; Gregory A Wellenius; Caroline Johnson; Phyllis Britz; Meredith Gaskins; John Maher; Murray A Mittleman; C Victor Spain; Charles N Haas; Claire Newbern
Journal:  J Infect Dis       Date:  2005-11-11       Impact factor: 5.226

2.  A review of national legionellosis surveillance in Australia, 1991 to 2000.

Authors:  Janet S Li; Eddie D O'Brien; Charles Guest
Journal:  Commun Dis Intell Q Rep       Date:  2002

3.  A community outbreak of Legionnaires' disease: evidence of a cooling tower as the source.

Authors:  M Sabria; J Alvarez; A Dominguez; A Pedrol; G Sauca; L Salleras; A Lopez; M A Garcia-Nuñez; I Parron; M P Barrufet
Journal:  Clin Microbiol Infect       Date:  2006-07       Impact factor: 8.067

4.  Legionnaires' disease outbreak at an Atlanta, Georgia, Country Club: evidence for spread from an evaporative condenser.

Authors:  L G Cordes; D W Fraser; P Skaliy; C A Perlino; W R Elsea; G F Mallison; P S Hayes
Journal:  Am J Epidemiol       Date:  1980-04       Impact factor: 4.897

5.  A community outbreak of Legionnaires' disease linked to hospital cooling towers: an epidemiological method to calculate dose of exposure.

Authors:  C M Brown; P J Nuorti; R F Breiman; A L Hathcock; B S Fields; H B Lipman; G C Llewellyn; J Hofmann; M Cetron
Journal:  Int J Epidemiol       Date:  1999-04       Impact factor: 7.196

6.  Surveillance for Legionnaires' disease. Risk factors for morbidity and mortality.

Authors:  B J Marston; H B Lipman; R F Breiman
Journal:  Arch Intern Med       Date:  1994-11-14

7.  An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease at the Melbourne Aquarium, April 2000: investigation and case-control studies.

Authors:  Jane E Greig; John A Carnie; Graham F Tallis; Norbert J Ryan; Agnes G Tan; Ian R Gordon; Bernard Zwolak; Jennie A Leydon; Charles S Guest; William G Hart
Journal:  Med J Aust       Date:  2004-06-07       Impact factor: 7.738

8.  Legionnaires' disease: description of an epidemic of pneumonia.

Authors:  D W Fraser; T R Tsai; W Orenstein; W E Parkin; H J Beecham; R G Sharrar; J Harris; G F Mallison; S M Martin; J E McDade; C C Shepard; P S Brachman
Journal:  N Engl J Med       Date:  1977-12-01       Impact factor: 91.245

9.  Epidemiologic investigation by macrorestriction analysis and by using monoclonal antibodies of nosocomial pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 10.

Authors:  P C Lück; J H Helbig; U Günter; M Assmann; R Blau; H Koch; M Klepp
Journal:  J Clin Microbiol       Date:  1994-11       Impact factor: 5.948

10.  Legionnaires' disease outbreak in Murcia, Spain.

Authors:  Anna García-Fulgueiras; Carmen Navarro; Daniel Fenoll; José García; Paulino González-Diego; Teresa Jiménez-Buñuales; Miguel Rodriguez; Rosa Lopez; Francisco Pacheco; Joaquín Ruiz; Manuel Segovia; Beatriz Balandrón; Carmen Pelaz
Journal:  Emerg Infect Dis       Date:  2003-08       Impact factor: 6.883
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  16 in total

1.  A Large Community Outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease Associated With a Cooling Tower in New York City, 2015.

Authors:  Don Weiss; Christopher Boyd; Jennifer L Rakeman; Sharon K Greene; Robert Fitzhenry; Trevor McProud; Kimberlee Musser; Li Huang; John Kornblum; Elizabeth J Nazarian; Annie D Fine; Sarah L Braunstein; Daniel Kass; Keren Landman; Pascal Lapierre; Scott Hughes; Anthony Tran; Jill Taylor; Deborah Baker; Lucretia Jones; Laura Kornstein; Boning Liu; Rodolfo Perez; David E Lucero; Eric Peterson; Isaac Benowitz; Kristen F Lee; Stephanie Ngai; Mitch Stripling; Jay K Varma
Journal:  Public Health Rep       Date:  2017-01-31       Impact factor: 2.792

2.  Detection of Legionella pneumophila on clinical samples and susceptibility assessment by flow cytometry.

Authors:  I Faria-Ramos; S Costa-de-Oliveira; J Barbosa; A Cardoso; J Santos-Antunes; A G Rodrigues; C Pina-Vaz
Journal:  Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis       Date:  2012-07-28       Impact factor: 3.267

3.  Ten Questions Concerning the Aerosolization and Transmission of Legionella in the Built Environment.

Authors:  Aaron J Prussin; David Otto Schwake; Linsey C Marr
Journal:  Build Environ       Date:  2017-06-13       Impact factor: 6.456

4.  Meteorological conditions and incidence of Legionnaires' disease in Glasgow, Scotland: application of statistical modelling.

Authors:  C E Dunn; B Rowlingson; R S Bhopal; P Diggle
Journal:  Epidemiol Infect       Date:  2012-06-12       Impact factor: 4.434

5.  Detection of Legionella by quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for monitoring and risk assessment.

Authors:  Louise H Krøjgaard; Karen A Krogfelt; Hans-Jørgen Albrechtsen; Søren A Uldum
Journal:  BMC Microbiol       Date:  2011-11-21       Impact factor: 3.605

6.  The relationship between meteorological variables and sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease in residents of England and Wales.

Authors:  K D Halsby; C A Joseph; J V Lee; P Wilkinson
Journal:  Epidemiol Infect       Date:  2014-01-09       Impact factor: 4.434

7.  Influence of climate and geography on the occurrence of Legionella and amoebae in composting facilities.

Authors:  Lisa Conza; Simona Casati Pagani; Valeria Gaia
Journal:  BMC Res Notes       Date:  2014-11-24

Review 8.  Outbreaks of Legionnaires' Disease and Pontiac Fever 2006-2017.

Authors:  K A Hamilton; A J Prussin; W Ahmed; C N Haas
Journal:  Curr Environ Health Rep       Date:  2018-06

9.  Legionnaires' disease from a cooling tower in a community outbreak in Lidköping, Sweden- epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigation supported by meteorological modelling.

Authors:  Peter Ulleryd; Anna Hugosson; Görel Allestam; Sverker Bernander; Berndt E B Claesson; Ingrid Eilertz; Anne-Christine Hagaeus; Martin Hjorth; Agneta Johansson; Birgitta de Jong; Anna Lindqvist; Peter Nolskog; Nils Svensson
Journal:  BMC Infect Dis       Date:  2012-11-21       Impact factor: 3.090

10.  Meteorological factors and risk of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease in Switzerland: an epidemiological study.

Authors:  Lisa Conza; Simona Casati; Costanzo Limoni; Valeria Gaia
Journal:  BMJ Open       Date:  2013-03-05       Impact factor: 2.692
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