Systematics of Euromediterranean Silene (Caryophyllaceae): evidence from a phylogenetic analysis using ITS sequences.

The generic boundaries within the sub-family Silenoideae (Caryophyllaceae), and especially within the complex Silene-Lychnis-Melandrium have long been controversial. These 3 genes are now grouped in a single genus: Silene. In order to test the monophyly of this genus and to clarify intra-generic phylogenetic relationships, we compared ITS sequences of 22 species of Euromediterranean Silene chosen throughout the classification, and 4 putative outgroup species. The genus Silene in its current circumscription formed a well-supported monophyletic group. Lychnis and Melandrium species are scattered within the genus Silene. The monotypic genus Cucubalus also fell within the Silene clade.