The effects of contrast, spatial scale, and orientation on foveal and peripheral phase discrimination.

We examined the effects of contrast, spatial scale, and orientation, on phase discrimination thresholds. In expt I, the ratio of thresholds for 180 deg shifts in F + 2F gratings remained invariant across a wide range of fundamental contrasts. Experiment II demonstrated that random fluctuations in overall pattern contrast did not affect discrimination. Experiment III found that foveal, but not peripheral, thresholds were roughly independent of spatial scale; foveal-peripheral differences in phase sensitivity could not be eliminated by scaling stimulus size. Finally, expt IV found that thresholds for some phase shifts varied significantly with orientation in the periphery; in general, peripheral sensitivity was greatest for radially-oriented gratings. The implications of these findings for models of phase discrimination are discussed.