AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The prevalence of altered glucose metabolism in obese children and adolescents is growing at a significant rate, especially in ethnic minorities. It is not clear whether young people of different ethnic backgrounds differ in their adaptive mechanisms to obesity-related insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the early insulin response and insulin clearance in response to an oral glucose load in obese children and adolescents. METHODS: Seven hundred and nine obese children and adolescents underwent an OGTT. Indices of the early insulin response and insulin clearance were compared in participants of White European, African American and Hispanic origin. RESULTS: Participants of the three ethnic groups demonstrated similar mechanisms of adaptation to increasing insulin resistance, but with different magnitudes. African American subjects had a greater early insulin response and decreased insulin clearance than their White European and Hispanic counterparts. This happened regardless of whether the cohort was divided by glucose tolerance level or by level of insulin sensitivity. IGT across ethnic groups was characterised by a marked decline in the acute insulin response in the context of severe insulin resistance and very low insulin clearance. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION: In obese children and adolescents, mechanisms of adaptation to obesity related to insulin resistance are similar across ethnic groups. The greater early insulin response needed to maintain glucose tolerance in young people of ethnic minorities may partially explain their greater tendency to develop type 2 diabetes.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The prevalence of altered glucose metabolism in obesechildren and adolescents is growing at a significant rate, especially in ethnic minorities. It is not clear whether young people of different ethnic backgrounds differ in their adaptive mechanisms to obesity-related insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the early insulin response and insulin clearance in response to an oral glucose load in obesechildren and adolescents. METHODS: Seven hundred and nine obesechildren and adolescents underwent an OGTT. Indices of the early insulin response and insulin clearance were compared in participants of White European, African American and Hispanic origin. RESULTS:Participants of the three ethnic groups demonstrated similar mechanisms of adaptation to increasing insulin resistance, but with different magnitudes. African American subjects had a greater early insulin response and decreased insulin clearance than their White European and Hispanic counterparts. This happened regardless of whether the cohort was divided by glucose tolerance level or by level of insulin sensitivity. IGT across ethnic groups was characterised by a marked decline in the acute insulin response in the context of severe insulin resistance and very low insulin clearance. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION: In obesechildren and adolescents, mechanisms of adaptation to obesity related to insulin resistance are similar across ethnic groups. The greater early insulin response needed to maintain glucose tolerance in young people of ethnic minorities may partially explain their greater tendency to develop type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Ram Weiss; Sara E Taksali; Sylvie Dufour; Catherine W Yeckel; Xenophon Papademetris; Gary Cline; William V Tamborlane; James Dziura; Gerald I Shulman; Sonia Caprio Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2005-03-29 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: S E Kahn; R L Prigeon; D K McCulloch; E J Boyko; R N Bergman; M W Schwartz; J L Neifing; W K Ward; J C Beard; J P Palmer Journal: Diabetes Date: 1993-11 Impact factor: 9.461
Authors: Jeannie Tay; Amy M Goss; W Timothy Garvey; Mark E Lockhart; Nikki C Bush; Michael J Quon; Gordon Fisher; Barbara A Gower Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2020-03-01 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Mark O Goodarzi; Jinrui Cui; Yii-Der I Chen; Willa A Hsueh; Xiuqing Guo; Jerome I Rotter Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Date: 2011-05-31 Impact factor: 4.310
Authors: Paul B Higgins; José R Férnández; W Timothy Garvey; Wesley M Granger; Barbara A Gower Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2008-11 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Mariska van Vliet; Inès A von Rosenstiel; Roger K Schindhelm; Desiderius P M Brandjes; Jos H Beijnen; Michaela Diamant Journal: Cardiovasc Diabetol Date: 2009-01-19 Impact factor: 9.951