Nutrient and antinutrient composition of Amaranthus muricatus.

The chemical and nutritional composition of the aerial parts of Amaranthus muricatus was assessed. This is a wild plant growing well in arid and poor soil, which are not suitable for cereals. The material under study was boiled, dried and ground and then evaluated for chemical, nutritional and antinutritional properties. Protein concentration of the amaranth flour was 15.74 g/100 g and total dietary fiber content was high (53.81 g/100 g), with 79% coming from insoluble dietary fiber. The calcium content was 1533 mg/100 g and the Ca/P ratio (5.94) was markedly higher than the value suggested in the 1989 Recommended Dietary Allowances. Fifty-nine percent of the fatty acids present were unsaturated with linoleic acid accounting for 40% of the total fatty acid content. Nitrate, hemagglutinin, trypsin inhibitor and saponin contents were within the non-critical values. Net protein utilization (NPU), true digestibility (tD) and biological value (BV) measurements indicated a nitrogen gain of 74% that of casein. The results of this study indicate a nutritive potential for the A. muricatus leaves, therefore, domestication of this plant is suggested along with assessment of its chemical and nutritional properties.