Pooling of urine specimens for detection of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infections by PCR in a low-prevalence population: cost-saving strategy for epidemiological studies and screening programs.

Pooling, in groups of five, of urine specimens from asymptomatically infected men in a population with 4% prevalence, as determined by case finding, is 100% sensitive and specific and results in a 60.5% reduction in the number of tests needed. Pooling of urine specimens in groups of 10 for the estimation of population-based prevalence is 96.1% sensitive and 100% specific and saves 90% of the test costs.