BACKGROUND: Impaired aortic pulsatility has been demonstrated by angiography in children and in studies of experimental animals with coarctation of the aorta. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess regional aortic stiffness, distensibility, and compliance before and after balloon dilation in patients with coarctation of the aorta. METHODS AND RESULTS: Intravascular ultrasound examination was performed in 13 pediatric patients with the diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta to yield aortic diameter. Area transverse sections at both systolic and diastolic period were measured at three aortic levels: the proximal, distal, and coarctation segments. Balloon dilation was also performed in eight of 13 patients. By using pressures measured in the same areas, an aortic stiffness index (beta) was calculated as In(Ps/Pd)/(Ds-Dd), where In is natural logarithm, Ps is systolic pressure, Pd is diastolic pressure, Ds is systolic diameter, and Dd is diastolic diameter. Aortic distensibility and an estimation of aortic compliance were also calculated. The beta stiffness index of the coarctation and the proximal segments of the aorta were significantly greater than that of the distal segment of the aorta (p < 0.01). The aortic wall stiffness beta index did not acutely change after successful balloon dilation, but the distensibility and compliance of distal aorta were nonetheless significantly decreased after balloon dilation (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) as a function of changes of pulsatility of flow. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal proximal aortic stiffness may be a strong contributing factor that promotes the genesis of hypertension in patients with coarctation even after successful repair or balloon angioplasty.
BACKGROUND: Impaired aortic pulsatility has been demonstrated by angiography in children and in studies of experimental animals with coarctation of the aorta. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess regional aortic stiffness, distensibility, and compliance before and after balloon dilation in patients with coarctation of the aorta. METHODS AND RESULTS: Intravascular ultrasound examination was performed in 13 pediatric patients with the diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta to yield aortic diameter. Area transverse sections at both systolic and diastolic period were measured at three aortic levels: the proximal, distal, and coarctation segments. Balloon dilation was also performed in eight of 13 patients. By using pressures measured in the same areas, an aortic stiffness index (beta) was calculated as In(Ps/Pd)/(Ds-Dd), where In is natural logarithm, Ps is systolic pressure, Pd is diastolic pressure, Ds is systolic diameter, and Dd is diastolic diameter. Aortic distensibility and an estimation of aortic compliance were also calculated. The beta stiffness index of the coarctation and the proximal segments of the aorta were significantly greater than that of the distal segment of the aorta (p < 0.01). The aortic wall stiffness beta index did not acutely change after successful balloon dilation, but the distensibility and compliance of distal aorta were nonetheless significantly decreased after balloon dilation (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) as a function of changes of pulsatility of flow. CONCLUSIONS:Abnormal proximal aortic stiffness may be a strong contributing factor that promotes the genesis of hypertension in patients with coarctation even after successful repair or balloon angioplasty.
Authors: Victoria K Pepper; Elizabeth S Clark; Cameron A Best; Ekene A Onwuka; Tadahisa Sugiura; Eric D Heuer; Lilamarie E Moko; Shinka Miyamoto; Hideki Miyachi; Darren P Berman; Sharon L Cheatham; Joanne L Chisolm; Toshiharu Shinoka; Christopher K Breuer; John P Cheatham Journal: J Cardiovasc Transl Res Date: 2017-01-17 Impact factor: 4.132
Authors: William E Kenyhercz; Brian Raterman; Venkata Sita Priyanka Illapani; Joshua Dowell; Xiaokui Mo; Richard D White; Arunark Kolipaka Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2015-06-12 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Zahra Keshavarz-Motamed; Farhad Rikhtegar Nezami; Ramon A Partida; Kenta Nakamura; Pedro Vinícius Staziaki; Eyal Ben-Assa; Brian Ghoshhajra; Ami B Bhatt; Elazer R Edelman Journal: JACC Cardiovasc Interv Date: 2016-09-26 Impact factor: 11.195