Prognostic markers for colorectal cancer: expression of P53 and BCL2.

P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide range of tumor types including colorectal cancers. bcl2 is a proto-oncogene that inhibits apoptosis. Immunostaining for P53 and BLC2 protein product was performed in a retrospective series of 80 colorectal carcinomas with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of P53 and BCL2 protein expression and their correlation with clinicopathologic variables such as pathologic disease stage (Dukes system), histologic grade, and vascular invasion. The patients were 41 to 76 years of age, and the follow-up ranged between 5 and 10 years. Among the 80 cases, 30 were Dukes stage A and 50 stage B. We found vascular invasion in 21.2%. P53 and BCL2 expression was detected, respectively, in 30.0% and 8.8%. We concluded that the P53 and BCL2 expression detected by immunohistochemistry in routinely processed, paraffin-embedded tissues: (1) has no prognostic significance; and (2) was not correlated with pathologic disease stage, histologic grade, or vascular invasion. Nevertheless, the number of patients in our study was small, and we believe that investigation of a larger series of patients is indicated.