Emotional and behavioral responses to genetic testing for susceptibility to cancer.

As genetic testing for susceptibility to cancer becomes more widely available, cancer-care providers will become more involved in counseling patients about cancer risks and the meaning of genetic test results. As a result, oncologists and oncology nurses need to be aware of the unique psychological issues and challenges posed by genetic testing for cancer susceptibility. This paper first describes a psychological profile of individuals who are likely to opt for such testing, based on extrapolation from studies of people at high risk of cancer. It also discusses the possible adverse emotional responses individuals may have to learning test results, and offers suggestions for preventing or lessening these psychological consequences. In addition, the article explores a wide range of issues relating to the genetic counseling process and the impact of genetic information on family relationships.