Dissemination of genetic risk information to relatives in the fragile X syndrome: guidelines for genetic counselors.

Fragile X Syndrome, which affects 1 in 1,250 males, is the most common inherited condition causing mental retardation. Although carrier detection for the fragile X syndrome utilizing DNA has now been simplified, genetic counseling and the process of informing at-risk family members remains complex. The purpose of this paper is to offer practical guidelines to health professionals providing genetic counseling to fragile X families in order to facilitate the dissemination of genetic risk information to relatives. This paper was developed from a workshop held at the 4th International Fragile X Conference. The guidelines presented here represent a beginning in the development of an approach to informing relatives in fragile X families about genetic risk, and the identification of mechanisms to reduce the burden to families.