Postnatal retinal development as measured by the electroretinogram in premature infants.

Light-adapted and dark-adapted electroretinograms were obtained in 27 premature infants who were screened for retinopathy of prematurity shortly after birth. Thirteen showed no retinopathy and 13 had mild to moderate retinopathy, which ranged from stage I, zone III (International Classification) to stage III, zone II. Measurements were made during the first 16 months of life. The configuration of the waveforms under both photopic and scotopic conditions changed during this period showing increased amplitudes of both the a- and the b-waves. A scotopic intensity series was performed and the b-wave amplitudes and implicit times were measured. The b-wave amplitude data were averaged for three adult control subjects, for infants without retinopathy of prematurity measured at 3-4 and at 6-7 months and for infants with retinopathy of prematurity measured at 3-4 and at 6-7 months. The Naka-Rushton function was fitted to the average data. The Rmax increased from 3 to 6 months and from 6 months to adulthood, and the Isat values decreased over this age range. The b-wave implicit times were within normal range in the 6-month data. There was no difference in Rmax or Isat for infants with and without ROP.