High-dose cyclophosphamide with autologous marrow transplantation for small cell carcinoma of the bronchus.

Twenty-five patients with previously untreated small cell carcinoma of the bronchus have been treated with cyclophosphamide 160-200 mg/kg and subsequent radiotherapy to the primary site. Eighty-four percent of patients responded to the single cycle of chemotherapy, with 56% attaining a complete response. Median duration of remission was 43 weeks and median survival 69 weeks. 2-Mercaptoethane sulphonate was given to prevent urothelial toxicity. Autologous bone marrow transplantation was used to mitigate bone marrow depression but sequential delay in reinfusing cryopreserved bone marrow did not alter the period of cytopenia. Other toxicities were mild. The procedure proved safe and manageable. High-dose chemotherapy may prove to be useful in the initial management of this tumour.