Isolation and characterization of cloned DNA: the delta and beta globin genes in homozygous beta + thalassemia.

We have isolated and characterized a clone of human DNA from a patient with beta+ thalassemia containing the entire delta and beta structural genes and their flanking sequences. Partial Eco RI digestion of spleen DNA was used to obtain 15 to 20 kilobase (kb) pieces of human DNA that were then ligated to charon 4A lambda phage DNA. The 8 x 10(5) recombinants obtained were grown and screened for their content of beta gene sequences. Four positive clones were found, and one (beta T1-1) has been extensively analyzed. Subclones containing the entire beta gene and the large beta intervening sequence (IVS 2) have been isolated in the plasmid pBR 322. The fragments generated by restriction enzyme digestion in these subclones have been compared to those in similar subclones from normal beta genes. No differences have been found indication no significant rearrangements of deletions of the delta and beta genes. With the enzymes used, 11.2% of IVS 2 have been compared, and thus far no differences between the thalassemic and normal genes have been detected. The 24 enzymes used include Hph I, which recognizes the 5' end of IVS 2, and AIu I that cleaves at the 3' end. Thus, there appears to be conservation of nucleotide sequences at the ends of IVS 2 in this beta + thalassemia patient, although RNA metabolism studies suggest a possible defect in RNA processing.