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Literature DB >> 4372621

Reversibility of the pyrophosphoryl transfer from ATP to GTP by Escherichia coli stringent factor.

Abstract

The stringent factor-catalyzed, ribosome-dependent synthesis of guanosine polyphosphates is found to be reversible. The reverse reaction specifically requires 5'-AMP as the pyrophosphoryl acceptor, and guanosine 5'-triphosphate-3'-diphosphate is preferentially utilized as the pyrophosphoryl donor. The primary products of the reaction are GTP and ATP. The reverse reaction is strongly inhibited by the antibiotics thiostrepton and tetracycline, and by ATP and beta-gamma-methylene-adenosine-triphosphate, but not by ADP, GTP, and GDP. The reverse reaction occurs under conditions for nonribosomal synthesis. The overall reaction for stringent factor-catalyzed guanosine polyphosphate formation may thus be formulated: (p)pp5'G + ppp5'A right harpoon over left harpoon (p)pp5'G3'pp + p5'A.

Entities: Chemical Gene Species

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Year: 1974 PMID： 4372621 PMCID： PMC433795 DOI： 10.1073/pnas.71.9.3470

Source DB: PubMed Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ISSN： 0027-8424 Impact factor: 11.205

10 in total

1. Codon specific, tRNA dependent in vitro synthesis of ppGpp and pppGpp.

Authors: F S Pedersen; E Lund; N O Kjeldgaard
Journal: Nat New Biol Date: 1973-05-02

2. Synthesis of guanosine tetra- and pentaphosphate requires the presence of a codon-specific, uncharged transfer ribonucleic acid in the acceptor site of ribosomes.

Authors: W A Haseltine; R Block
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1973-05 Impact factor: 11.205

3. MSI and MSII made on ribosome in idling step of protein synthesis.

Authors: W A Haseltine; R Block; W Gilbert; K Weber
Journal: Nature Date: 1972-08-18 Impact factor: 49.962

4. Isolation and properties of a ribosome-bound factor required for ppGpp and ppGpp synthesis in Escherichia coli.

Authors: J W Cochran; R W Byrne
Journal: J Biol Chem Date: 1974-01-25 Impact factor: 5.157

5. Requirement of an Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal protein component for effective interaction of the ribosome with T and G factors and with guanosine triphosphate.

Authors: E Hamel; M Koka; T Nakamoto
Journal: J Biol Chem Date: 1972-02-10 Impact factor: 5.157

Review 6. Effects of cyclic AMP, its mechanism of action, and comments on the energetics of its 3'-phosphate bond.

Authors: F Lipmann
Journal: Adv Enzyme Regul Date: 1970

7. The control of ribonucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli. V. Characterization of a nucleotide associated with the stringent response.

Authors: M Cashel; B Kalbacher
Journal: J Biol Chem Date: 1970-05-10 Impact factor: 5.157

8. Nonribosomal synthesis of guanosine 5',3'-polyphosphates by the ribosomal wash of stringent Escherichia coli.

Authors: J Sy; Y Ogawa; F Lipmann
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1973-07 Impact factor: 11.205

9. Role of guanine nucleotides in protein synthesis. Elongation factor G and guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate.

Authors: E Hamel; M Cashel
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1973-11 Impact factor: 11.205

10. Identification of the synthesis of guanosine tetraphosphate (MS I) as insertion of a pyrophosphoryl group into the 3'-position in guanosine 5'-diphosphate.

Authors: J Sy; F Lipmann
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1973-02 Impact factor: 11.205

10 in total

1. Relationship of the first step in protein synthesis to ppGpp: formation of A(5')ppp(5')Gpp.

Authors: E Rapaport; S K Svihovec; P C Zamecnik
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1975-07 Impact factor: 11.205

2. Eukaryotic ribosomal proteins stimulate Escherichia coli stringent factor to synthesize guanosine 5'-diphosphate, 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) and guanosine 5'-triphosphate, 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp).

Authors: O Martini; D Richter
Journal: Mol Gen Genet Date: 1978-11-09

Reversibility of the pyrophosphoryl transfer from ATP to GTP by Escherichia coli stringent factor.

1. Codon specific, tRNA dependent in vitro synthesis of ppGpp and pppGpp.

2. Synthesis of guanosine tetra- and pentaphosphate requires the presence of a codon-specific, uncharged transfer ribonucleic acid in the acceptor site of ribosomes.

3. MSI and MSII made on ribosome in idling step of protein synthesis.

4. Isolation and properties of a ribosome-bound factor required for ppGpp and ppGpp synthesis in Escherichia coli.

5. Requirement of an Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal protein component for effective interaction of the ribosome with T and G factors and with guanosine triphosphate.

Review 6. Effects of cyclic AMP, its mechanism of action, and comments on the energetics of its 3'-phosphate bond.

7. The control of ribonucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli. V. Characterization of a nucleotide associated with the stringent response.

8. Nonribosomal synthesis of guanosine 5',3'-polyphosphates by the ribosomal wash of stringent Escherichia coli.

9. Role of guanine nucleotides in protein synthesis. Elongation factor G and guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate.

10. Identification of the synthesis of guanosine tetraphosphate (MS I) as insertion of a pyrophosphoryl group into the 3'-position in guanosine 5'-diphosphate.

1. Relationship of the first step in protein synthesis to ppGpp: formation of A(5')ppp(5')Gpp.

2. Eukaryotic ribosomal proteins stimulate Escherichia coli stringent factor to synthesize guanosine 5'-diphosphate, 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) and guanosine 5'-triphosphate, 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp).

3. Cellular localization of the Escherichia coli SpoT protein.

4. Involvement of the N terminus of ribosomal protein L11 in regulation of the RelA protein of Escherichia coli.

5. In vitro degradation of guanosine 5'-diphosphate, 3'-diphosphate.

Review 6. Control of rRNA transcription in Escherichia coli.

7. The ribosome triggers the stringent response by RelA via a highly distorted tRNA.

8. PCK1 negatively regulates cell cycle progression and hepatoma cell proliferation via the AMPK/p27^Kip1 axis.

9. Salmonella Reprograms Nucleotide Metabolism in Its Adaptation to Nitrosative Stress.

10. SpoT Induces Intracellular Salmonella Virulence Programs in the Phagosome.