Sonja H Brunvoll1,2, Vidar G Flote3, Eline H Halset3, Gro F Bertheussen4,5, Helle Skjerven6, Jon Lømo7, Inger Thune3,8, Anette Hjartåker9. 1. Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. shbrunvoll@gmail.com. 2. Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. shbrunvoll@gmail.com. 3. Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 4. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. 5. Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. 6. Department of Research, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. 7. Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 8. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsö, Norway. 9. Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
PURPOSE: There are several reasons to report days as being unusual with regard to dietary intake, including special occasions and celebrations. For breast cancer patients during the 12 month post-surgery period, unusual days may also include days that are affected by being a cancer patient. The aim of this study was to study dietary intake on "normal" and "unusual" days, and to study what is reported in "free text fields" of a food diary. METHODS: Women (n = 456), mean age 55.5 years newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (stage I/II) were included in this clinical study. "Normal" and "unusual" days in general, over time and during the week and weekends were studied using repeated administration of a 7-day pre-coded food diary. RESULTS: The breast cancer patients reported 26% of all days as unusual. The intake of energy, most nutrients, especially alcohol and sugar, red and processed meat, and sweets, cakes, and snacks was 5-126% higher, whereas intake of fiber, fruit and berries, vegetables, and dairy products was 7-17% lower on unusual than on normal days (P < 0.001). The same pattern was seen for normal/unusual days during the weekdays, weekends and over time. Finally, 99% of the breast cancer patients used the free text fields to report additional intake with a mean energy of 1.1 MJ/day. CONCLUSION: For breast cancer patients during the 12-month post-surgery period, unusual days are important drivers of total intake, especially for alcohol. The free text fields in the pre-coded food diary contributed substantially to the total intake.
PURPOSE: There are several reasons to report days as being unusual with regard to dietary intake, including special occasions and celebrations. For breast cancer patients during the 12 month post-surgery period, unusual days may also include days that are affected by being a cancer patient. The aim of this study was to study dietary intake on "normal" and "unusual" days, and to study what is reported in "free text fields" of a food diary. METHODS: Women (n = 456), mean age 55.5 years newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (stage I/II) were included in this clinical study. "Normal" and "unusual" days in general, over time and during the week and weekends were studied using repeated administration of a 7-day pre-coded food diary. RESULTS: The breast cancer patients reported 26% of all days as unusual. The intake of energy, most nutrients, especially alcohol and sugar, red and processed meat, and sweets, cakes, and snacks was 5-126% higher, whereas intake of fiber, fruit and berries, vegetables, and dairy products was 7-17% lower on unusual than on normal days (P < 0.001). The same pattern was seen for normal/unusual days during the weekdays, weekends and over time. Finally, 99% of the breast cancer patients used the free text fields to report additional intake with a mean energy of 1.1 MJ/day. CONCLUSION: For breast cancer patients during the 12-month post-surgery period, unusual days are important drivers of total intake, especially for alcohol. The free text fields in the pre-coded food diary contributed substantially to the total intake.
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