Jiayu Wu1, Qiaoying Zhang1, Pengfeng Sun1, Hong Zhang1, Ming Gao1, Mingyue Ma1, Yan Dong1, Peng Liu2,3, Xiaoping Wu4. 1. Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. 2. Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, China. liupengphd@gmail.com. 3. Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. liupengphd@gmail.com. 4. Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. szping518@163.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Chronic occupational manganese (Mn) exposure is characterized by motor and cognitive dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate structural abnormalities in Mn-exposed welders compared to healthy controls (HCs). METHODS: Thirty-five HCs and forty Mn-exposed welders underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in this study. Based on T1-weighted MRI, the voxel-based morphometry (VBM), structural covariance, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were applied to examine whole-brain structural changes in Mn-exposed welders. RESULTS: Compared to HCs, Mn-exposed welders had altered gray matter volume (GMV) mainly in the medial prefrontal cortex, lentiform nucleus, hippocampus, and parahippocampus. ROC analysis indicated the potential highest classification power of the hippocampus/parahippocampus. Moreover, distinct structural covariance patterns in the two groups were associated with regions, mainly including the thalamus, insula, amygdala, sensorimotor area, and middle temporal gyrus. No significant relationships were found between the findings and clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed Mn-exposed welders had changed GMV and structural covariance patterns in some regions, which implicated in motivative response, cognitive control, and emotional regulation. These results might provide preliminary evidence for understanding the pathophysiology of Mn overexposure. KEY POINTS: • Chronic Mn exposure might be related to abnormal brain structural neural mechanisms. • Mn-exposed welders had morphological changes in brain regions implicated in emotional modulation, cognitive control, and motor-related response. • Altered gray matter volume in the hippocampus/parahippocampus and putamen might serve as potential biomarkers for Mn overexposure.
OBJECTIVES: Chronic occupational manganese (Mn) exposure is characterized by motor and cognitive dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate structural abnormalities in Mn-exposed welders compared to healthy controls (HCs). METHODS: Thirty-five HCs and forty Mn-exposed welders underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in this study. Based on T1-weighted MRI, the voxel-based morphometry (VBM), structural covariance, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were applied to examine whole-brain structural changes in Mn-exposed welders. RESULTS: Compared to HCs, Mn-exposed welders had altered gray matter volume (GMV) mainly in the medial prefrontal cortex, lentiform nucleus, hippocampus, and parahippocampus. ROC analysis indicated the potential highest classification power of the hippocampus/parahippocampus. Moreover, distinct structural covariance patterns in the two groups were associated with regions, mainly including the thalamus, insula, amygdala, sensorimotor area, and middle temporal gyrus. No significant relationships were found between the findings and clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed Mn-exposed welders had changed GMV and structural covariance patterns in some regions, which implicated in motivative response, cognitive control, and emotional regulation. These results might provide preliminary evidence for understanding the pathophysiology of Mn overexposure. KEY POINTS: • Chronic Mn exposure might be related to abnormal brain structural neural mechanisms. • Mn-exposed welders had morphological changes in brain regions implicated in emotional modulation, cognitive control, and motor-related response. • Altered gray matter volume in the hippocampus/parahippocampus and putamen might serve as potential biomarkers for Mn overexposure.
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