Vertical Bone Implant Contact Around Anterior Immediate Implants and Their Stability After Using Either Alloplast or L-PRF or Both in Peri-Implant Gap: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

Purpose: Various graft materials have been studied for filling peri-implant gap (PIG), but there was no similar randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of Platelet-rich fibrin or alloplast or their combination on vertical bone implant contact (BIC) around immediate implants and their stability over a period of 1 year.
Methods: Immediate implants were placed in maxillary anterior region of 30 subjects (n = 10). Either alloplast (group I) or L-PRF (group II) or both (group III) were used to fill the PIG following randomization chart. Vertical BIC was measured on peri-apical radiographs which were taken immediately after placement, after 3, 6 and 12 months using Image J software. Periotest was used to measure the implant stability at the time of implant placement, at 3, 6 and 12 months after implantation.
Results: The comparison of distance from implant shoulder to the first visible bone-to-implant contact (IS-BIC) in each group showed statistically significant bone formation on mesial and distal sides over a 1 year period (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IS-BIC distance among the three groups at 1 year (p > 0.05). Periotest values showed that there was significant improvement in implant stability in all groups in 1-year period. On intergroup comparison, the mean difference of periotest values was statistically non-significant among three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: All the graft materials were effective in promoting osseointegration when used as PIG filling materials alone or in combination around immediate implants in maxillary anterior region. CTRI No: REF/2015/06/009200. © The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2020.