Bruno Ramos Nascimento1, Luisa Campos Caldeira Brant1, André Dias Nassar Naback1, Guilherme Augusto Veloso2, Carisi Anne Polanczyk3,4,5, Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro1, Deborah Carvalho Malta6, Albano Vicente Lopes Ferreira7, Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira8. 1. Faculdade de Medicina e Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil. 2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estatística, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil. 3. Instituto Nacional de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, IATS/CNPq, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil. 4. Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil. 5. Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil. 6. Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil. 7. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Katyavala Bwila, Benguela - Angola. 8. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The impact of risk factors (RF) on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) for most Portuguese-speaking countries (PSC) is little known. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to analyze the morbidity and mortality from CVD attributable to RF and its variation, from 1990 to 2019, in PSC, based on estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. METHODS: We evaluated changes in cardiovascular RF, mortality rates and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) between 1990 and 2019. The correlation between percentage changes in mortality rates and the sociodemographic index (SDI) of each PSC was evaluated by the Spearman method. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) was the main RF for mortality and DALYs for CVD for all PSC. Mortality from CVD showed a downward trend in 2019, more accentuated in Portugal (-66.6%, 95%CI -71.0 - -61.2) and in Brazil (-49.8%, 95%CI -52.5 - -47.1). There was a trend towards an inverse correlation between SDI and the percent change in mortality, which was significant for dietary risks (r=-0.70, p=0.036), high LDL cholesterol (r=-0.77, p=0.015) and high SBP (r=-0.74, p=0.023). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to SBP, dietary and metabolic RF justified a greater variation in the burden of CVD correlated with SDI in the PSC, suggesting the need to adopt health policies adapted to the reality of each country, aiming to reduce their impact on population.
BACKGROUND: The impact of risk factors (RF) on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) for most Portuguese-speaking countries (PSC) is little known. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to analyze the morbidity and mortality from CVD attributable to RF and its variation, from 1990 to 2019, in PSC, based on estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. METHODS: We evaluated changes in cardiovascular RF, mortality rates and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) between 1990 and 2019. The correlation between percentage changes in mortality rates and the sociodemographic index (SDI) of each PSC was evaluated by the Spearman method. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) was the main RF for mortality and DALYs for CVD for all PSC. Mortality from CVD showed a downward trend in 2019, more accentuated in Portugal (-66.6%, 95%CI -71.0 - -61.2) and in Brazil (-49.8%, 95%CI -52.5 - -47.1). There was a trend towards an inverse correlation between SDI and the percent change in mortality, which was significant for dietary risks (r=-0.70, p=0.036), high LDL cholesterol (r=-0.77, p=0.015) and high SBP (r=-0.74, p=0.023). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to SBP, dietary and metabolic RF justified a greater variation in the burden of CVD correlated with SDI in the PSC, suggesting the need to adopt health policies adapted to the reality of each country, aiming to reduce their impact on population.
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