Alaa Shafie1, Ahmad El Askary2, Mazen Almehmadi1, Hatem H Allam3, Lamiaa K Elsayyad3, Asmaa F Hassan4, Bader B Althobaiti5, Amin Nadheef5, Aisha H Alharthi1, Amal F Gharib1. 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 2. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; a.elaskary@tu.edu.sa dr579@outlook.com. 3. Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 4. Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 5. department of Clinical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital in Taif, Ministry of Health, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: Vitamin D deficiency accelerates the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been linked to coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to evaluate the association of vitamin D deficiency and VDR polymorphism with CAD in T2DM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 150 adult male and female subjects, aged from 40 to 60 years, were divided into three groups, each with 50 subjects; control group, T2DM, and T2DM with CAD. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) were assessed. VDR genotypes (BsmI, Taq1 and FOK1) were investigated by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: There was a significant negative correlation between serum 25-OH D and FBG, TC, TG, and LDL-C levels, and a positive correlation with HDL-C levels in all diabetic patient groups. The risk of CAD was markedly higher in the group of T2DM with CAD in comparison to the control (p<0.0001) and the T2DM group. Regarding Taq1, there was also a significantly higher risk of CAD in Tt+tt genotypes and t allele in the T2DM with CAD group compared to control (p<0.001, 0.031 respectively). In addition, 25-OH D concentrations and the prevalence of VDR polymorphisms (BsmI, Taq1) were correlated with the risk of CAD. CONCLUSION: Deficiency of vitamin D and the prevalence of VDR polymorphisms (BsmI, Taq1) can serve as important markers for CAD.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Vitamin D deficiency accelerates the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been linked to coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to evaluate the association of vitamin D deficiency and VDR polymorphism with CAD in T2DM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 150 adult male and female subjects, aged from 40 to 60 years, were divided into three groups, each with 50 subjects; control group, T2DM, and T2DM with CAD. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) were assessed. VDR genotypes (BsmI, Taq1 and FOK1) were investigated by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: There was a significant negative correlation between serum 25-OH D and FBG, TC, TG, and LDL-C levels, and a positive correlation with HDL-C levels in all diabetic patient groups. The risk of CAD was markedly higher in the group of T2DM with CAD in comparison to the control (p<0.0001) and the T2DM group. Regarding Taq1, there was also a significantly higher risk of CAD in Tt+tt genotypes and t allele in the T2DM with CAD group compared to control (p<0.001, 0.031 respectively). In addition, 25-OH D concentrations and the prevalence of VDR polymorphisms (BsmI, Taq1) were correlated with the risk of CAD. CONCLUSION: Deficiency of vitamin D and the prevalence of VDR polymorphisms (BsmI, Taq1) can serve as important markers for CAD.
Authors: Hesham A El-Beshbishy; Manal A Tawfeek; Inass M Taha; Thoraya FadulElahi; Amal Y Shaheen; Fouad A Bardi; Intessar I Sultan Journal: Pak J Med Sci Date: 2015 Nov-Dec Impact factor: 1.088