Synthesis and application of fluorescent teixobactin analogs.

Teixobactin is a promising new antibiotic that kills a spectrum of Gram-positive pathogens that are considered to be urgent threats by the CDC and the WHO. Better understanding of the novel mechanism of action of teixobactin may assist in developing new antibiotics and furthering our understanding of antibiotic resistance. This chapter describes the synthesis and application of fluorescent teixobactin analogs in fluorescence microscopy to study the mode of action of teixobactin. The first part of this chapter describes the synthesis and purification of fluorescent teixobactin analogs using two synthetic approaches. The second part of this chapter describes the application of the fluorescent teixobactin analogs to visualize their interactions with molecular targets in B. subtilis using fluorescence microscopy. The methods described herein provide synthetic access to chemical probes that may help further the understanding of antibiotic resistance.