Isabel Ralha de Abreu1, Catarina Baía1, Jorge Manuel Silva2, Ana Matos Santos1,3, Mafalda Oliveira4, Filipa Castro1, Mónica Mozes1, Rute Ferreira1, Luís Amorim Alves1,5,6,7. 1. Family Health Unit St. André de Canidelo, R. das Fábricas, 282, 4400-712, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal. 2. Family Health Unit St. André de Canidelo, R. das Fábricas, 282, 4400-712, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal. jorge.ramos.neves.silva@gmail.com. 3. Family Health Unit Avintes, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal. 4. Health Personalized Care Unit Oliveira Do Douro, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal. 5. Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal. 6. EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 7. Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
Abstract
AIMS: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic disease with serious individual and socioeconomic consequences. Low health literacy (HL) has been associated with higher morbimortality. Health knowledge about DM (HK-DM) may also influence individual health. We aimed to assess HL and HK-DM in patients with type 2 DM and their associations with metabolic control. METHODS: Our sample comprised 194 diabetic patients from a primary care health centre. We collected clinical and demographic data and applied two validated questionnaires, the Newest Vital Sign (NST) and Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT), to assess HL and HK-DM, respectively. Metabolic control was defined as HbA1c < 7.0%. Participants were classified according to the NST as having "high likelihood of limited HL" (HLL-HL), "possibility of limited HL" (PL-HL), or "adequate HL" (A-HL) and by the DKT as having "low", "average" and "good" HK. Statistical analysis included logistic regression models, using p < 0.05 as a cut-off for statistical significance. RESULTS: Overall, 72.7 and 34.7% of participants had HLL-HL and low HK-DM, respectively. A-HL (OR = 6.02; 95% CI: 1.691-21.450) and PL-HL (OR = 4.78; 95% CI: 1.350-16.899) were significantly associated with better metabolic control than HLL-HL. We did not find a significant association between HK-DM and metabolic control. CONCLUSIONS: HL seems to be associated with better metabolic control. We also found a high prevalence of illiteracy and scarce knowledge about DM. Primary care physicians should promote HL to help patients achieve better metabolic control.
AIMS: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic disease with serious individual and socioeconomic consequences. Low health literacy (HL) has been associated with higher morbimortality. Health knowledge about DM (HK-DM) may also influence individual health. We aimed to assess HL and HK-DM in patients with type 2 DM and their associations with metabolic control. METHODS: Our sample comprised 194 diabetic patients from a primary care health centre. We collected clinical and demographic data and applied two validated questionnaires, the Newest Vital Sign (NST) and Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT), to assess HL and HK-DM, respectively. Metabolic control was defined as HbA1c < 7.0%. Participants were classified according to the NST as having "high likelihood of limited HL" (HLL-HL), "possibility of limited HL" (PL-HL), or "adequate HL" (A-HL) and by the DKT as having "low", "average" and "good" HK. Statistical analysis included logistic regression models, using p < 0.05 as a cut-off for statistical significance. RESULTS: Overall, 72.7 and 34.7% of participants had HLL-HL and low HK-DM, respectively. A-HL (OR = 6.02; 95% CI: 1.691-21.450) and PL-HL (OR = 4.78; 95% CI: 1.350-16.899) were significantly associated with better metabolic control than HLL-HL. We did not find a significant association between HK-DM and metabolic control. CONCLUSIONS: HL seems to be associated with better metabolic control. We also found a high prevalence of illiteracy and scarce knowledge about DM. Primary care physicians should promote HL to help patients achieve better metabolic control.
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