Abdu Oumer1, Zinash Fikre1, Tadele Girum1, Jemal Bedewi1, Keyredin Nuriye2, Kenzudin Assefa1. 1. Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia. 2. Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Stimulating care during childhood is the foundation for optimal health, learning, productivity, and social well-being throughout the life course. In addition, malnutrition is a major public health concern affecting up to half of children under-five years in Ethiopia. However, evidence on the causal contribution of malnutrition to delay in child development is poorly understood in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship between different forms of malnutrition and delay in child development among children in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based survey was conducted among 507 randomly selected mother-child pairs in the Guraghe Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. A pretested tool and validated anthropometric measurements were used. Anthropometric indices (WFH, WFA, and HFA) were calculated in Anthros software. The data were summarized in mean, median, standard deviation, tables and charts. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression (stepwise backward regression) models were fitted with nutritional status (wasting, stunting and underweight) and other potential factors associated with delay in child developmental. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and p-values were reported. RESULTS: A total of 507 mother-child (12-59 months) pairs were included in the survey (97% response rate). The mean ASQ-3 score was 150 (± 23.4), with a minimum and maximum score of 45 and 270, respectively. A total of 149 (29.4%; 95% CI: 25.4-33.4) children had developmental delays, where 17.2%, 16.8%, 13.4%, 10.8%, and 10.1% had delays in gross motor, communication, problem-solving, personal-social, and fine motor skills, respectively. Children of working mothers (AOR=2.9; 1.8, 4.8), preterm births (AOR=3.2; 1.4, 7.0), early initiation of complementary feeding (AOR=2.5; 1.37, 4.6), stunting (AOR=3.0; 1.9, 4.7), underweight (AOR= 2.3; 1.1, 4.7) and low dietary diversity score (AOR=3.1; 1.3, 7.5), were predictors of developmental delay. CONCLUSION: Child development delay is a public health concern and it is strongly associated with stunting, underweight, undiversified dietary consumption, and suboptimal infant and young child feeding practices.
BACKGROUND: Stimulating care during childhood is the foundation for optimal health, learning, productivity, and social well-being throughout the life course. In addition, malnutrition is a major public health concern affecting up to half of children under-five years in Ethiopia. However, evidence on the causal contribution of malnutrition to delay in child development is poorly understood in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship between different forms of malnutrition and delay in child development among children in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based survey was conducted among 507 randomly selected mother-child pairs in the Guraghe Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. A pretested tool and validated anthropometric measurements were used. Anthropometric indices (WFH, WFA, and HFA) were calculated in Anthros software. The data were summarized in mean, median, standard deviation, tables and charts. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression (stepwise backward regression) models were fitted with nutritional status (wasting, stunting and underweight) and other potential factors associated with delay in child developmental. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and p-values were reported. RESULTS: A total of 507 mother-child (12-59 months) pairs were included in the survey (97% response rate). The mean ASQ-3 score was 150 (± 23.4), with a minimum and maximum score of 45 and 270, respectively. A total of 149 (29.4%; 95% CI: 25.4-33.4) children had developmental delays, where 17.2%, 16.8%, 13.4%, 10.8%, and 10.1% had delays in gross motor, communication, problem-solving, personal-social, and fine motor skills, respectively. Children of working mothers (AOR=2.9; 1.8, 4.8), preterm births (AOR=3.2; 1.4, 7.0), early initiation of complementary feeding (AOR=2.5; 1.37, 4.6), stunting (AOR=3.0; 1.9, 4.7), underweight (AOR= 2.3; 1.1, 4.7) and low dietary diversity score (AOR=3.1; 1.3, 7.5), were predictors of developmental delay. CONCLUSION: Child development delay is a public health concern and it is strongly associated with stunting, underweight, undiversified dietary consumption, and suboptimal infant and young child feeding practices.
Authors: Christine P Stewart; Lora Iannotti; Kathryn G Dewey; Kim F Michaelsen; Adelheid W Onyango Journal: Matern Child Nutr Date: 2013-09 Impact factor: 3.092
Authors: Laurie M Anderson; Carolynne Shinn; Mindy T Fullilove; Susan C Scrimshaw; Jonathan E Fielding; Jacques Normand; Vilma G Carande-Kulis Journal: Am J Prev Med Date: 2003-04 Impact factor: 5.043
Authors: Jessica M Perkins; Rockli Kim; Aditi Krishna; Mark McGovern; Victor M Aguayo; S V Subramanian Journal: Soc Sci Med Date: 2017-09-22 Impact factor: 4.634
Authors: Dana Charles McCoy; Evan D Peet; Majid Ezzati; Goodarz Danaei; Maureen M Black; Christopher R Sudfeld; Wafaie Fawzi; Günther Fink Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2017-01-30 Impact factor: 11.069
Authors: Ann C Miller; Andres Garchitorena; Faramalala Rabemananjara; Laura Cordier; Marius Randriamanambintsoa; Victor Rabeza; Hery-Tiana Rahaniraka Razanadrakoto; Ranaivozafindary Rakoto Ramakasoa; Olivier RamahefarisonTiana; Baolova Nathaline Ratsimbazafy; Mohammed Ali Ouenzar; Matthew H Bonds; Lisy Ratsifandrihamanana Journal: BMC Pediatr Date: 2020-03-06 Impact factor: 2.125
Authors: Ana M Romero Otalvaro; Nora Grañana; Nadia Gaeto; María de Los Á Torres; María N Zamblera; María A Vasconez; Claudia Misenta; María E Rouvier; Jane Squires Journal: Arch Argent Pediatr Date: 2018-02-01 Impact factor: 0.635