Joelin Joseph1, Sandeep Sreeedharan1, Sanil George2, Mano Mohan Antony3. 1. Department of Zoology, Research centre, University of Kerala, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. 2. Transdisciplinary Biology Group, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. 3. Department of Zoology, Research centre, University of Kerala, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. manoeduzoology@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Indian endemic cichlid Etroplus canarensis (Canara pearl spot) is an endangered fish and is one among the three Indian cichlids (Etroplinae) that had a restricted distribution in the South Canara region of Karnataka, India. Despite considerable investigations, the phylogeny of Indian Cichlids and its biogeographical origin is still ambiguous and remains a question under discussion which is scrutinized based on whole mitogenomes in the present study. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report the 16,339 bp complete mitochondrial genome of E. canarensis for the first time using the next-generation sequencing methods. Comparison of gene arrangement and genome characterization was found to commensurate with the previous reports on two Indian cichlid fishes, E. suratensis and E. maculatus. ND6 has been identified as a gene with the highest evolutionary rate and COI and COII is the most conserved gene based on p-genetic distance calculation. Substitution rate (ka/ks) was found to be very low indicating a reduced rate of evolution among subfamily Etroplinae accounting for its subsided species divergence of Indian cichlids. Phylogenetic analysis of Indian cichlids based on a combined dataset of 12 protein-coding genes representing cichlids generated high posterior probability values pillaring paraphyletic nature of Indian Malagasy lineage and monophyletic Indian genus Etroplus. CONCLUSION: The mitogenome sequence of E. canarensis may provide fundamental molecular data useful for further researches on genetic diversity, endemicity and the conservation of this endangered freshwater fish.
BACKGROUND: The Indian endemic cichlid Etroplus canarensis (Canara pearl spot) is an endangered fish and is one among the three Indian cichlids (Etroplinae) that had a restricted distribution in the South Canara region of Karnataka, India. Despite considerable investigations, the phylogeny of Indian Cichlids and its biogeographical origin is still ambiguous and remains a question under discussion which is scrutinized based on whole mitogenomes in the present study. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report the 16,339 bp complete mitochondrial genome of E. canarensis for the first time using the next-generation sequencing methods. Comparison of gene arrangement and genome characterization was found to commensurate with the previous reports on two Indian cichlid fishes, E. suratensis and E. maculatus. ND6 has been identified as a gene with the highest evolutionary rate and COI and COII is the most conserved gene based on p-genetic distance calculation. Substitution rate (ka/ks) was found to be very low indicating a reduced rate of evolution among subfamily Etroplinae accounting for its subsided species divergence of Indian cichlids. Phylogenetic analysis of Indian cichlids based on a combined dataset of 12 protein-coding genes representing cichlids generated high posterior probability values pillaring paraphyletic nature of Indian Malagasy lineage and monophyletic Indian genus Etroplus. CONCLUSION: The mitogenome sequence of E. canarensis may provide fundamental molecular data useful for further researches on genetic diversity, endemicity and the conservation of this endangered freshwater fish.
Authors: Julio Rozas; Albert Ferrer-Mata; Juan Carlos Sánchez-DelBarrio; Sara Guirao-Rico; Pablo Librado; Sebastián E Ramos-Onsins; Alejandro Sánchez-Gracia Journal: Mol Biol Evol Date: 2017-12-01 Impact factor: 16.240
Authors: Sudip K Mohanta; Subrat K Swain; Sofia P Das; Amrita Bit; Gargee Das; Sanghamitra Pradhan; Jitendra K Sundaray; P Jayasankar; A S Ninawe; Paramananda Das Journal: Mitochondrial DNA B Resour Date: 2016-11-21 Impact factor: 0.658