Hong-Song Chen1,2,3,4,5,6,7, Xing Liu8,9,10,11,12,13,14, Zhi-Cheng Zhang1,2,3,4,5,6,7, Zi-Han Ye1,2,3,4,5, Tao Lin1,2,3,4,5,6,7, Da-Wei He1,2,3,4,5,6,7, Guang-Hui Wei1,2,3,4,5,6,7. 1. Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. 2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. 3. National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. 4. China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. 5. Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. 6. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. 7. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. 8. Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. dr.liux0217@gmail.com. 9. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. dr.liux0217@gmail.com. 10. National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. dr.liux0217@gmail.com. 11. China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. dr.liux0217@gmail.com. 12. Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. dr.liux0217@gmail.com. 13. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. dr.liux0217@gmail.com. 14. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, PR China. dr.liux0217@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used successfully in cardiovascular system research to analyze the physiological processes inside vessels. We evaluated the hydraulic information of urine through the lower urinary tract in a patient with posterior urethral valve (PUV) before and after valve ablation by CFD. METHODS: A set of models of the lower urinary tract were developed based on geometrical data obtained by cystoscopy and voiding cystourethrography. Simulated assumptions and conditions were applied according to prior studies and urodynamic results. We used Fluent CFD 19.0 (Ansys Inc., USA) to compute the velocity and pressure of the fluid regions. The simplification of Bernoulli's formula was applied afterward to calculate the hydraulic energy of different positions. RESULTS: The urine flow rates of the NORMALst, the PUVst, and the POSTst at 5000 Pa were 18.08 ml/s, 11.14 ml/s, and 12.16 ml/s, respectively. Precipitous pressure change was observed around the valve in the PUVst, and the abnormal change was concentrated in the dilated urethra in the POSTst. Major energy dissipations were generated around the valve and the dilated urethra in the PUVst. The energy loss that occurred in the dilated urethra did not improve after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are probably indicative of the hydrodynamics changes in the dilated urethra in PUV and need to be confirmed through more improved CFD models in the future. CFD may revolutionize pediatric urologists' perception in the management of urinary disease.
PURPOSE: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used successfully in cardiovascular system research to analyze the physiological processes inside vessels. We evaluated the hydraulic information of urine through the lower urinary tract in a patient with posterior urethral valve (PUV) before and after valve ablation by CFD. METHODS: A set of models of the lower urinary tract were developed based on geometrical data obtained by cystoscopy and voiding cystourethrography. Simulated assumptions and conditions were applied according to prior studies and urodynamic results. We used Fluent CFD 19.0 (Ansys Inc., USA) to compute the velocity and pressure of the fluid regions. The simplification of Bernoulli's formula was applied afterward to calculate the hydraulic energy of different positions. RESULTS: The urine flow rates of the NORMALst, the PUVst, and the POSTst at 5000 Pa were 18.08 ml/s, 11.14 ml/s, and 12.16 ml/s, respectively. Precipitous pressure change was observed around the valve in the PUVst, and the abnormal change was concentrated in the dilated urethra in the POSTst. Major energy dissipations were generated around the valve and the dilated urethra in the PUVst. The energy loss that occurred in the dilated urethra did not improve after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are probably indicative of the hydrodynamics changes in the dilated urethra in PUV and need to be confirmed through more improved CFD models in the future. CFD may revolutionize pediatric urologists' perception in the management of urinary disease.
Authors: Brant A Inman; Wiguins Etienne; Rainier Rubin; Richmond A Owusu; Tiago R Oliveira; Dario B Rodriques; Paolo F Maccarini; Paul R Stauffer; Alireza Mashal; Mark W Dewhirst Journal: Int J Hyperthermia Date: 2013-03-14 Impact factor: 3.914
Authors: Paul D Morris; Andrew Narracott; Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk; Daniel Alejandro Silva Soto; Sarah Hsiao; Angela Lungu; Paul Evans; Neil W Bressloff; Patricia V Lawford; D Rodney Hose; Julian P Gunn Journal: Heart Date: 2015-10-28 Impact factor: 5.994