| Literature DB >> 34677010 |
Yuanyu Wang1, Ruihua Zhang1, Qiang Zhang1, Chengxi Cao1, Liuyin Fan2, Weiwen Liu1.
Abstract
The existing miniature capillary electrophoresis (CE) devices use a tablet or a computer for data processing and analysis, which hinders their portability. In order to solve this problem, a smartphone-based CE device was proposed, which allowed for real portable quantitative analysis. The device integrated the functions of capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) and Bluetooth communication. Furthermore, a Kotlin language-based application with a user-friendly interface was developed. The application could not only control the electrophoresis run in the CE device but also receive the data from the C4D detector in real time, display the electrophoretogram, and process the data. The peak areas could be calculated automatically on the smartphone, and the migration time could be obtained. The size of the developed device was 20 cm×20 cm×15 cm, and its weight was 2 kg. Quaternary ammonium salts (QAs) in disinfectors (dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide (DDBAB) and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB)) were used as the analytes to verify the performance of the developed device. The experimental data showed that the linear ranges of DDBAB and DTAB were from 20 to 1000 and from 30 to 1000 μmol/L, respectively. The correlation coefficients (R2) of DDBAB and DTAB were 0.9995 and 0.9989, respectively, indicating good linearity between the peak area and concentration. The limits of detection (LODs) of DDBAB and DTAB were 10 and 13 μmol/L, respectively. The intra-day relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=3) of DDBAB and DTAB were 1.9% and 2.7% respectively, revealing good repeatability. In addition, a mixture of DDBAB and DTAB was tested. Two QAs were separated within 8 min, showing good selectivity. Finally, QAs in a bromo geramine disinfector used in the field were tested to further validate the performance of the designed device. The recoveries of DDBAB and DTAB were 100.5%-101.5% and 96.2%-99.3%, respectively, indicating good accuracy. The developed device has the advantages of good linearity, low LOD, good repeatability, high accuracy, and real portability, and it can be used for the quantitative detection of QAs in disinfectors.Entities:
Keywords: capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D); capillary electrophoresis (CE); disinfector; quaternary ammonium salts (QAs); smartphone-based portable device
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2021 PMID: 34677010 PMCID: PMC9404207 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.04030
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Se Pu ISSN: 1000-8713
图1基于智能手机的便携式CE-C4D装置(a)高压电源 与检测模块和(b)手机控制器
图2便携式CE-C4D装置示意图
两种季铵盐的线性方程、相关系数、线性范围、检出限及相对标准偏差
| Compound | Regression equation | R2 | Linear range/(μmol/L) | LOD/(μmol/L) | RSD (n=3)/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DDBAB | Y=6.2478X+0.0057 | 0.9995 | 20-1000 | 10 | ≤1.9 |
| DTAB | Y=5.3290X-0.0940 | 0.9989 | 30-1000 | 13 | ≤2.7 |
DDBAB: dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide; DTAB: dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; Y: peak area; X: concentration, μmol/L.
图3(a)背景液、(b)DDBAB、(c)DTAB及其(d)混合 离子溶液的电泳图谱
图4新洁尔灭消毒液中QAs的重复性测试
新洁尔灭消毒液中DDBAB与DTAB的 加标回收率(n=5)
| Compound | Background/ | Spiked/ | Found/ | Recovery/ | RSD/ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DDBAB | 1.07 | 0.8 | 1.882 | 101.5 | 1.47 |
| 1 | 2.081 | 100.5 | 2.13 | ||
| 1.2 | 2.286 | 101.3 | 1.19 | ||
| DTAB | 0 | 0.8 | 0.794 | 99.3 | 1.17 |
| 1 | 0.962 | 96.2 | 1.35 | ||
| 1.2 | 1.187 | 98.9 | 2.29 |
本文开发的CE-C4D装置与现有装置的比较
| Device | LOD/ | Size/ | Smartphone | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Automated CE-C4D | 5 | 45×35×15 | no | [17] |
| CE-C4D of small volumes | 0.36 | 20×33×17 | no | [19] |
| biological fluid | ||||
| CDC-based CE-C4D | 12 | not reported | no | [20] |
| Smartphone-based | 10 | 20×20×15 | yes | this |
| CE-C4D | work |
CDC: capacitance-to-digital conversion.