Mengmeng Jiang1,2, Haide Chen2,3, Guoji Guo1,2,3,4,5. 1. Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China. 2. Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. 3. Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin, Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China. 4. Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. 5. Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The kidney is a highly complex organ that performs diverse functions that are essential for health. Kidney disease occurs when the kidneys are damaged and fail to function properly. Single-cell analysis is a powerful technology that provides unprecedented insights into normal and abnormal kidney cell types and will transform our understanding of the mechanism underlying common kidney diseases. SUMMARY: Our understanding of kidney disease pathogenesis is limited by the incomplete molecular characterization of cell types responsible for kidney functions. Application of single-cell technologies for the study of the kidney has revealed cellular heterogeneity, gene expression signatures, and molecular dynamics during the onset and development of kidney diseases. Single-cell analyses of kidney organoids and allograft tissues offer new insights into kidney organogenesis, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic outcomes. Collectively, a better understanding of kidney cell heterogeneity and the molecular dynamics of kidney diseases will improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate the identification of novel treatment strategies in nephrology. KEY MESSAGE: In this review article, we summarize recent single-cell studies on kidney diseases and discuss the impact of single-cell technology on both basic and clinical nephrology research.
BACKGROUND: The kidney is a highly complex organ that performs diverse functions that are essential for health. Kidney disease occurs when the kidneys are damaged and fail to function properly. Single-cell analysis is a powerful technology that provides unprecedented insights into normal and abnormal kidney cell types and will transform our understanding of the mechanism underlying common kidney diseases. SUMMARY: Our understanding of kidney disease pathogenesis is limited by the incomplete molecular characterization of cell types responsible for kidney functions. Application of single-cell technologies for the study of the kidney has revealed cellular heterogeneity, gene expression signatures, and molecular dynamics during the onset and development of kidney diseases. Single-cell analyses of kidney organoids and allograft tissues offer new insights into kidney organogenesis, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic outcomes. Collectively, a better understanding of kidney cell heterogeneity and the molecular dynamics of kidney diseases will improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate the identification of novel treatment strategies in nephrology. KEY MESSAGE: In this review article, we summarize recent single-cell studies on kidney diseases and discuss the impact of single-cell technology on both basic and clinical nephrology research.
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