PURPOSE: To describe the frequency and characteristics (i.e., duration, stepping time, and estimated intensity) of all interruptions and physically active interruptions to adults' free-living sitting time (i.e., transitions from sitting to upright posture) across segments of the population. METHODS: Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study participants (321 men; 406 women; mean ± standard deviation, 58.0 ± 10.3 yr) wore the activPAL3™ for ≥1 valid day. The characteristics of interruptions from laboratory studies demonstrating health benefits were selected to define active interruptions (≥5 min upright and/or ≥2 min stepping) and ambulatory interruptions (≥2 min stepping). The frequency and characteristics of all, active, and ambulatory interruptions were described and compared by age, sex, diabetes status, and body mass index. RESULTS: Adults averaged 55.0 ± 21.8 interruptions per day, but only 20.3 ± 6.7 were active and 14.0 ± 5.4 were ambulatory. Median (25th, 75th percentile) duration was 2.6 min (0.9, 7.8 min), stepping time was 0.8 min (0.3, 2.0 min), and estimated energy expenditure was 4.3 metabolic equivalents (MET)·min-1 (1.4, 12.5 MET·min-1). Those who were older, had obesity, or had diabetes had significantly (P < 0.05) fewer interruptions of all types and less stepping time during active interruptions than their counterparts (Cohen's d < 0.2). CONCLUSIONS: Free-living interruptions were often less active than interruptions performed in effective acute laboratory studies and their content varied widely between population groups. Monitoring all interruptions, as well as those that are more active, is advisable to provide a comprehensive understanding of free-living sedentary behavior.
PURPOSE: To describe the frequency and characteristics (i.e., duration, stepping time, and estimated intensity) of all interruptions and physically active interruptions to adults' free-living sitting time (i.e., transitions from sitting to upright posture) across segments of the population. METHODS: Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study participants (321 men; 406 women; mean ± standard deviation, 58.0 ± 10.3 yr) wore the activPAL3™ for ≥1 valid day. The characteristics of interruptions from laboratory studies demonstrating health benefits were selected to define active interruptions (≥5 min upright and/or ≥2 min stepping) and ambulatory interruptions (≥2 min stepping). The frequency and characteristics of all, active, and ambulatory interruptions were described and compared by age, sex, diabetes status, and body mass index. RESULTS: Adults averaged 55.0 ± 21.8 interruptions per day, but only 20.3 ± 6.7 were active and 14.0 ± 5.4 were ambulatory. Median (25th, 75th percentile) duration was 2.6 min (0.9, 7.8 min), stepping time was 0.8 min (0.3, 2.0 min), and estimated energy expenditure was 4.3 metabolic equivalents (MET)·min-1 (1.4, 12.5 MET·min-1). Those who were older, had obesity, or had diabetes had significantly (P < 0.05) fewer interruptions of all types and less stepping time during active interruptions than their counterparts (Cohen's d < 0.2). CONCLUSIONS: Free-living interruptions were often less active than interruptions performed in effective acute laboratory studies and their content varied widely between population groups. Monitoring all interruptions, as well as those that are more active, is advisable to provide a comprehensive understanding of free-living sedentary behavior.
Authors: Jennifer M Blankenship; Stuart R Chipkin; Patty S Freedson; John Staudenmayer; Kate Lyden; Barry Braun Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2018-12-20
Authors: Sheri R Colberg; Ronald J Sigal; Jane E Yardley; Michael C Riddell; David W Dunstan; Paddy C Dempsey; Edward S Horton; Kristin Castorino; Deborah F Tate Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2016-11 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: S L Cichosz; J Fleischer; P Hoeyem; E Laugesen; P L Poulsen; J S Christiansen; N Ejskjær; T K Hansen Journal: Diabet Med Date: 2013-04-20 Impact factor: 4.359
Authors: Dianna J Magliano; Elizabeth L M Barr; Paul Z Zimmet; Adrian J Cameron; David W Dunstan; Stephen Colagiuri; Damien Jolley; Neville Owen; Patrick Phillips; Robyn J Tapp; Tim A Welborn; Jonathan E Shaw Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2007-11-05 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Paddy C Dempsey; Jennifer M Blankenship; Robyn N Larsen; Julian W Sacre; Parneet Sethi; Nora E Straznicky; Neale D Cohen; Ester Cerin; Gavin W Lambert; Neville Owen; Bronwyn A Kingwell; David W Dunstan Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2016-12-09 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Paddy C Dempsey; Robyn N Larsen; Parneet Sethi; Julian W Sacre; Nora E Straznicky; Neale D Cohen; Ester Cerin; Gavin W Lambert; Neville Owen; Bronwyn A Kingwell; David W Dunstan Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2016-04-13 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Bernard M F M Duvivier; Nicolaas C Schaper; Michelle A Bremers; Glenn van Crombrugge; Paul P C A Menheere; Marleen Kars; Hans H C M Savelberg Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-02-13 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Aiden Doherty; Dan Jackson; Nils Hammerla; Thomas Plötz; Patrick Olivier; Malcolm H Granat; Tom White; Vincent T van Hees; Michael I Trenell; Christoper G Owen; Stephen J Preece; Rob Gillions; Simon Sheard; Tim Peakman; Soren Brage; Nicholas J Wareham Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-02-01 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: D Yerrakalva; A J Cooper; K Westgate; K T Khaw; N J Wareham; S Brage; S J Griffin; K Wijndaele Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2017-12-01 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Julianne D van der Berg; Coen D A Stehouwer; Hans Bosma; Jeroen H P M van der Velde; Paul J B Willems; Hans H C M Savelberg; Miranda T Schram; Simone J S Sep; Carla J H van der Kallen; Ronald M A Henry; Pieter C Dagnelie; Nicolaas C Schaper; Annemarie Koster Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2016-02-02 Impact factor: 10.122