| Literature DB >> 34188318 |
Laureano Quintero1,2, Juan José Meléndez-Lugo3, Helmer Emilio Palacios-Rodríguez1, Yaset Caicedo4, Natalia Padilla4, Linda M Gallego5, Luis Fernando Pino1,6, Alberto García1,5,7, Adolfo González-Hadad1,2,6, Mario Alain Herrera1,6, Alexander Salcedo1,5,6,7, José Julián Serna1,5,6,7, Fernando Rodríguez-Holguín7, Michael W Parra8, Carlos A Ordoñez1,5,7.
Abstract
Patients with hemodynamic instability have a sustained systolic blood pressure less or equal to 90 mmHg, a heart rate greater or equal to 120 beats per minute and an acute compromise of the ventilation/oxygenation ratio and/or an altered state of consciousness upon admission. These patients have higher mortality rates due to massive hemorrhage, airway injury and/or impaired ventilation. Damage control resuscitation is a systematic approach that aims to limit physiologic deterioration through strategies that address the physiologic debt of trauma. This article aims to describe the experience earned by the Trauma and Emergency Surgery Group (CTE) of Cali, Colombia in the management of the severely injured trauma patient in the emergency department following the basic principles of damage control surgery. Since bleeding is the main cause of death, the management of the severely injured trauma patient in the emergency department requires a multidisciplinary team that performs damage control maneuvers aimed at rapidly controlling bleeding, hemostatic resuscitation, and/or prompt transfer to the operating room, if required.Entities:
Keywords: Balloon Occlusion; Damage control; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Service; Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma; Hemorrhage; Hospital; Hypotension; Hypothermia; Intratracheal Intubation; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Shock; Whole body computed tomography; hemostatic resuscitation; trauma resuscitation
Year: 2021 PMID: 34188318 PMCID: PMC8216048 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v52i2.4801
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Figure 1A-A-B-C-D-E management for a severe trauma patient
Figure 2Vascular access in the common femoral artery and common femoral vein for a patient with severe trauma should be established vascular accesses. Arterial access with introducer lower 7 Fr, if it is possible, should be placed and a high flow catheter in the common femoral vein to continue the hemostatic resuscitation maneuvers and invasive monitoring. If the patient is a non-responder, REBOA can be placed through arterial access in the common femoral artery.
Figura 1Estrategia A-A-B-C-D-E para el manejo del paciente politraumatizado
Figura 2Accesos vasculares en arteria femoral común y vena femoral común. Durante la valoración inicial de un paciente con trauma severo se debe establecer accesos vasculares. Un acceso arterial con introductor menor a 7 Fr, si es posible, y un catéter de alto flujo venoso para continuar con la resucitación hemostática o iniciar monitoreo invasivo. Si el paciente no responde a las maniobras iniciales de reanimación se puede colocar el REBOA a través del acceso de la arteria femoral común.
| 1) Why was this study conducted? |
| This article aims to describe the experience earned by the Trauma and Emergency Surgery Group (CTE) of Cali, Colombia in the management of the severely injured trauma patient in the emergency department following the basic principles of damage control surgery. |
| 2) What were the most relevant results of the study? |
| The ATLS guidelines describe the A-B-C-D-E sequence, which consists of a clear and simple approach for severely injured trauma patients. Novel A-A-B-C-D-E sequence, where the initial "A-A" refers to achieving arterial and/or venous vascular access and airway control. Vascular access in common femoral artery and common femoral vein should be strategy to establish a way for massive transfusion protocol, invasive monitoring, and potential REBOA use. |
| 3) What do these results contribute? |
| The management of the severely injured trauma patient in the emergency department requires a multidisciplinary team that performs damage control maneuvers aimed at rapidly controlling bleeding, hemostatic resuscitation, and/or prompt transfer to the operating room, if required. |
| 1) ¿Por qué se realizó este estudio? |
| El artículo describe el manejo en urgencias del paciente politraumatizado hemodinámicamente inestable de acuerdo con los principios de control de daños |
| 2) ¿Cuáles fueron los resultados más relevantes del estudio? |
| Las guías del ATLS describen la secuencia A-B-C-D-E, que consiste en un abordaje claro y simple para los pacientes con trauma severo. La novedosa secuencia A-A-B-C-D-E, donde las iniciales “A-A” refieren a lograr un acceso arterial y venoso y el control de la vía aérea. El acceso vascular en la arteria femoral común y en la vena femoral común debe ser la estrategia para establecer una vía vascular para la transfusión masiva, monitoreo invasivo y el uso potencial del REBOA. |
| 3¿Qué aportan estos resultados? |
| El manejo del paciente politraumatizado es una estrategia dinámica de alto impacto que requiere de un equipo multidisciplinario de experiencia. El cual debe de evolucionar conjunto a las nuevas herramientas de diagnóstico y tratamiento endovascular que buscan ser un puente para lograr una menor repercusión hemodinámica en el paciente y una más rápida y efectiva estabilización con mayores tasas de sobrevida. |