Johanna E Wilson1, Leigh Blizzard1, Seana L Gall1, Costan G Magnussen1,2,3, Wendy H Oddy1, Terence Dwyer1,4, Alison J Venn1, Kylie J Smith5. 1. Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia. 2. Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, FIN-20520, Turku, Finland. 3. Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FIN-20520, Turku, Finland. 4. The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK. 5. Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia. k.j.smith@utas.edu.au.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Many studies have reported associations between diet and depression, but few have used formal diagnoses of mood disorder as the outcome measure. We examined if overall diet quality was associated cross-sectionally or longitudinally with DSM-IV mood disorders among an adult cohort. METHODS: Participants from the Australian Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study were followed up during 2004-06 (n = 1974, age 26-36 years), 2009-11 (n = 1480, 31-41 years), and 2014-19 (n = 1191, 36-49 years). Dietary Guidelines Index (DGI) scores were calculated from food frequency questionnaires at each time-point (higher DGI reflects better diet quality). DSM-IV mood disorders (dysthymia or depression) during the periods between, and 12 months prior to each follow-up were determined using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Sex-stratified risk and prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using log-binomial regression. Covariates included age, self-perceived social support index score, marital status, parenting status, education, occupation, physical activity, BMI, and usual sleep duration. RESULTS: A 10-point higher DGI was cross-sectionally associated with lower prevalence of mood disorders at the third follow-up only (females PR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.56, 0.95; males PR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.97), but was attenuated after covariate adjustment (females PR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.73, 1.16; males PR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.69, 1.22). Adjustment for social support in the final model had attenuated the association for both sexes from 18% reduced prevalence to 8%. DGI scores were not longitudinally associated with mood disorder risk. CONCLUSIONS: Crude cross-sectional associations between diet quality and mood disorders at ages 36-49 years were explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, particularly social support.
PURPOSE: Many studies have reported associations between diet and depression, but few have used formal diagnoses of mood disorder as the outcome measure. We examined if overall diet quality was associated cross-sectionally or longitudinally with DSM-IV mood disorders among an adult cohort. METHODS: Participants from the Australian Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study were followed up during 2004-06 (n = 1974, age 26-36 years), 2009-11 (n = 1480, 31-41 years), and 2014-19 (n = 1191, 36-49 years). Dietary Guidelines Index (DGI) scores were calculated from food frequency questionnaires at each time-point (higher DGI reflects better diet quality). DSM-IV mood disorders (dysthymia or depression) during the periods between, and 12 months prior to each follow-up were determined using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Sex-stratified risk and prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using log-binomial regression. Covariates included age, self-perceived social support index score, marital status, parenting status, education, occupation, physical activity, BMI, and usual sleep duration. RESULTS: A 10-point higher DGI was cross-sectionally associated with lower prevalence of mood disorders at the third follow-up only (females PR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.56, 0.95; males PR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.97), but was attenuated after covariate adjustment (females PR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.73, 1.16; males PR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.69, 1.22). Adjustment for social support in the final model had attenuated the association for both sexes from 18% reduced prevalence to 8%. DGI scores were not longitudinally associated with mood disorder risk. CONCLUSIONS: Crude cross-sectional associations between diet quality and mood disorders at ages 36-49 years were explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, particularly social support.
Authors: Jun S Lai; Sarah Hiles; Alessandra Bisquera; Alexis J Hure; Mark McEvoy; John Attia Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2013-11-06 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Johanna E Wilson; Leigh Blizzard; Seana L Gall; Costan G Magnussen; Wendy H Oddy; Terence Dwyer; Alison J Venn; Kylie J Smith Journal: Nutr Res Date: 2019-01-30 Impact factor: 3.315
Authors: Patricia O Chocano-Bedoya; Eilis J O'Reilly; Michel Lucas; Fariba Mirzaei; Olivia I Okereke; Teresa T Fung; Frank B Hu; Alberto Ascherio Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2013-07-24 Impact factor: 7.045
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