Daisuke Ueda1, Masaoki Ito1,2, Yasuhiro Tsutani1, Ana Giménez-Capitán2, Ruth Román-Lladó2, Ana Pérez-Rosado2, Cristina Aguado2, Kei Kushitani3, Yoshihiro Miyata1, Koji Arihiro4, Miguel Angel Molina-Vila2, Rafael Rosell5,6, Yukio Takeshima3, Morihito Okada7. 1. Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan. 2. Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain. 3. Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. 4. Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. 5. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain. 6. Institute of Oncology Rosell (IOR), Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain. 7. Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan. morihito1217@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The clinicopathological or genetic features related to the prognosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma are unknown because of its rarity. The clinicopathological or targetable features were investigated for better management of patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. METHODS: We comprehensively evaluated the clinicopathological and genetic features of 60 completely resected mucinous lung adenocarcinomas. Targetable genetic variants were explored using nCounter and polymerase chain reaction, PD-L1 and TTF-1 expression were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the prognostic impact using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS: Of the 60 enrolled patients, 13 (21.7%) had adenocarcinoma in situ/minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and 47 (78.3%) had invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA). Fifteen patients (25%) showed a pneumonic appearance on computed tomography (CT). CD74-NRG1 fusion, EGFR mutations, and BRAF mutation were detected in three (5%), four (6.7%), and one (1.7%) patient(s), respectively. KRAS mutations were detected in 31 patients (51.7%). Two patients (3.5%) showed immunoreactivity for PD-L1. No in situ or minimally invasive cases recurred. IMA patients with pneumonic appearance had significantly worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, IMA patients harboring KRAS mutations had worse RFS (p = 0.211). Multivariate analysis revealed that radiological pneumonic appearance was significantly associated with lower RFS (p < 0.003) and OS (p = 0.012). KRAS mutations served as an unfavorable status for RFS (p = 0.043). CONCLUSION: Mucinous adenocarcinoma had a low frequency of targetable genetic variants and PD-L1 immunoreactivity; however, KRAS mutations were frequent. Pneumonic appearance on CT imaging and KRAS mutations were clinicopathological features associated with a worse prognosis.
PURPOSE: The clinicopathological or genetic features related to the prognosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma are unknown because of its rarity. The clinicopathological or targetable features were investigated for better management of patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. METHODS: We comprehensively evaluated the clinicopathological and genetic features of 60 completely resected mucinous lung adenocarcinomas. Targetable genetic variants were explored using nCounter and polymerase chain reaction, PD-L1 and TTF-1 expression were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the prognostic impact using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS: Of the 60 enrolled patients, 13 (21.7%) had adenocarcinoma in situ/minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and 47 (78.3%) had invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA). Fifteen patients (25%) showed a pneumonic appearance on computed tomography (CT). CD74-NRG1 fusion, EGFR mutations, and BRAF mutation were detected in three (5%), four (6.7%), and one (1.7%) patient(s), respectively. KRAS mutations were detected in 31 patients (51.7%). Two patients (3.5%) showed immunoreactivity for PD-L1. No in situ or minimally invasive cases recurred. IMA patients with pneumonic appearance had significantly worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, IMA patients harboring KRAS mutations had worse RFS (p = 0.211). Multivariate analysis revealed that radiological pneumonic appearance was significantly associated with lower RFS (p < 0.003) and OS (p = 0.012). KRAS mutations served as an unfavorable status for RFS (p = 0.043). CONCLUSION:Mucinous adenocarcinoma had a low frequency of targetable genetic variants and PD-L1 immunoreactivity; however, KRAS mutations were frequent. Pneumonic appearance on CT imaging and KRAS mutations were clinicopathological features associated with a worse prognosis.
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