Isabella Imbimbo1,2, Daniele Coraci3,4, Claudia Santilli5, Claudia Loreti5, Giulia Piccinini2, Diego Ricciardi5, Letizia Castelli5, Augusto Fusco5, Anna Rita Bentivoglio2,5, Luca Padua5,6. 1. IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy. 2. Department of Neurosciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. 3. Department of Neurosciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. danielecoraci@aol.com. 4. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy. danielecoraci@aol.com. 5. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy. 6. Department of Geriatrics and Orthopaedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative pathology characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that often lead to several impairments. Many studies show the efficacy of different rehabilitation protocols aimed to improve balance and gait functions in PD patients. However, multiple factors may influence rehabilitation outcome. Recently, it has been observed as the cognitive reserve (CR) may influence the rehabilitation outcome, helping to address the patient toward technological or conventional rehabilitation. Our study investigated how CR may affect motor rehabilitation outcomes in PD patients who undergo virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation, aimed at improving walking and balance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients affected by idiopathic PD were enrolled. Patients underwent 12 sessions VR training, over 6 weeks (45 min). Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were used to assess walking and balance, respectively. CR was assessed by Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq). RESULTS: Significant correlations between CR and change from baseline in walking and balance measures were found, with a significant positive correlation between CRIq and 6MWT (r=0.50, p=0.01) and between CRIq and BBS (r=0.41, p=0.04). DISCUSSION: Our results showed that PD patients with higher CR treated with VR improved significantly more in their balance and walking distance than those with lower CR. The current study suggests that VR when aimed to improve balance and walking in PD patients is more effective in patients with higher CR.
INTRODUCTION:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative pathology characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that often lead to several impairments. Many studies show the efficacy of different rehabilitation protocols aimed to improve balance and gait functions in PDpatients. However, multiple factors may influence rehabilitation outcome. Recently, it has been observed as the cognitive reserve (CR) may influence the rehabilitation outcome, helping to address the patient toward technological or conventional rehabilitation. Our study investigated how CR may affect motor rehabilitation outcomes in PDpatients who undergo virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation, aimed at improving walking and balance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients affected by idiopathic PD were enrolled. Patients underwent 12 sessions VR training, over 6 weeks (45 min). Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were used to assess walking and balance, respectively. CR was assessed by Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq). RESULTS: Significant correlations between CR and change from baseline in walking and balance measures were found, with a significant positive correlation between CRIq and 6MWT (r=0.50, p=0.01) and between CRIq and BBS (r=0.41, p=0.04). DISCUSSION: Our results showed that PDpatients with higher CR treated with VR improved significantly more in their balance and walking distance than those with lower CR. The current study suggests that VR when aimed to improve balance and walking in PDpatients is more effective in patients with higher CR.
Authors: L Padua; I Imbimbo; I Aprile; C Loreti; M Germanotta; D Coraci; G Piccinini; C Pazzaglia; C Santilli; A Cruciani; M C Carrozza Journal: Eur J Neurol Date: 2019-10-18 Impact factor: 6.089
Authors: Giulia Piccinini; Isabella Imbimbo; Diego Ricciardi; Daniele Coraci; Claudia Santilli; Maria R Lo Monaco; Claudia Loreti; Maria C Vulpiani; Maria C Silveri; Luca Padua Journal: Eur J Phys Rehabil Med Date: 2017-11-16 Impact factor: 2.874
Authors: Els Karla Vanhoutte; Catharina Gerritdina Faber; Sonja Ingrid van Nes; Bart Casper Jacobs; Pieter Antoon van Doorn; Rinske van Koningsveld; David Reid Cornblath; Anneke Jelly van der Kooi; Elisabeth Aviva Cats; Leonard Hendrik van den Berg; Nicolette Claudia Notermans; Willem Lodewijk van der Pol; Mieke Catharina Elisabeth Hermans; Nadine Anna Maria Elisabeth van der Beek; Kenneth Craig Gorson; Marijke Eurelings; Jeroen Engelsman; Hendrik Boot; Ronaldus Jacobus Meijer; Giuseppe Lauria; Alan Tennant; Ingemar Sergio José Merkies Journal: Brain Date: 2011-12-20 Impact factor: 13.501
Authors: Letizia Pezzi; Andrea Di Matteo; Roberta Insabella; Sara Mastrogiacomo; Carlo Baldari; Victor Machado Reiss; Teresa Paolucci Journal: Parkinsons Dis Date: 2022-09-16
Authors: Elisa Pelosin; Chiara Ponte; Martina Putzolu; Giovanna Lagravinese; Jeffrey M Hausdorff; Alice Nieuwboer; Pieter Ginis; Lynn Rochester; Lisa Alcock; Bastiaan R Bloem; Freek Nieuwhof; Andrea Cereatti; Ugo Della Croce; Anat Mirelman; Laura Avanzino Journal: Front Aging Neurosci Date: 2022-01-05 Impact factor: 5.750