Carson Hoffman1, Sarvesh Periyasamy2, Colin Longhurst3, Rafael Medero4, Alejandro Roldan-Alzate2,4,5, Michael A Speidel1, Paul F Laeseke6. 1. Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. 2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. 4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. 5. Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. 6. Section of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA. plaeseke@wisc.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: 2D digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is utilized qualitatively to assess blood velocity changes that occur during arterial interventions. Quantitative angiographic metrics, such as blood velocity, could be used to standardize endpoints during angiographic interventions. PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy and precision of a quantitative 2D DSA (qDSA) technique and to determine its feasibility for in vivo measurements of blood velocity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quantitative DSA technique was developed to calculate intra-procedural blood velocity. In vitro validation was performed by comparing velocities from the qDSA method and an ultrasonic flow probe in a bifurcation phantom. Parameters of interest included baseline flow rate, contrast injection rate, projection angle, and magnification. In vivo qDSA analysis was completed in five different branches of the abdominal aorta in two 50 kg swine and compared to 4D Flow MRI. Linear regression, Bland-Altman, Pearson's correlation coefficient and chi squared tests were used to assess the accuracy and precision of the technique. RESULTS: In vitro validation showed strong correlation between qDSA and flow probe velocities over a range of contrast injection and baseline flow rates (slope = 1.012, 95% CI [0.989,1.035], Pearson's r = 0.996, p < .0001). The application of projection angle and magnification corrections decreased variance to less than 5% the average baseline velocity (p = 0.999 and p = 0.956, respectively). In vivo validation showed strong correlation with a small bias between qDSA and 4D Flow MRI velocities for all five abdominopelvic arterial vessels of interest (slope = 1.01, Pearson's r = 0.880, p = <.01, Bias = 0.117 cm/s). CONCLUSION: The proposed method allows for accurate and precise calculation of blood velocities, in near real-time, from time resolved 2D DSAs.
BACKGROUND: 2D digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is utilized qualitatively to assess blood velocity changes that occur during arterial interventions. Quantitative angiographic metrics, such as blood velocity, could be used to standardize endpoints during angiographic interventions. PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy and precision of a quantitative 2D DSA (qDSA) technique and to determine its feasibility for in vivo measurements of blood velocity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quantitative DSA technique was developed to calculate intra-procedural blood velocity. In vitro validation was performed by comparing velocities from the qDSA method and an ultrasonic flow probe in a bifurcation phantom. Parameters of interest included baseline flow rate, contrast injection rate, projection angle, and magnification. In vivo qDSA analysis was completed in five different branches of the abdominal aorta in two 50 kg swine and compared to 4D Flow MRI. Linear regression, Bland-Altman, Pearson's correlation coefficient and chi squared tests were used to assess the accuracy and precision of the technique. RESULTS: In vitro validation showed strong correlation between qDSA and flow probe velocities over a range of contrast injection and baseline flow rates (slope = 1.012, 95% CI [0.989,1.035], Pearson's r = 0.996, p < .0001). The application of projection angle and magnification corrections decreased variance to less than 5% the average baseline velocity (p = 0.999 and p = 0.956, respectively). In vivo validation showed strong correlation with a small bias between qDSA and 4D Flow MRI velocities for all five abdominopelvic arterial vessels of interest (slope = 1.01, Pearson's r = 0.880, p = <.01, Bias = 0.117 cm/s). CONCLUSION: The proposed method allows for accurate and precise calculation of blood velocities, in near real-time, from time resolved 2D DSAs.
Entities:
Keywords:
Arterial velocity; Digital subtraction angiography; Quantitative; Time-attenuation curve
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