Abdullah Al-Abcha1, Khader Herzallah2, Yehia Saleh3,4, Mark Mujer5, Ola Abdelkarim4, Mahmoud Abdelnabi4, Abdallah Almaghraby4, George S Abela6. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. alabchaa@msu.edu. 2. Department of Cardiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. 3. Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. 4. Department of Cardiology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 5. Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. 6. Department Cardiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have a well-established role in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and in the reduction of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. However, limited evidence supports their role in patients with left ventricular thrombi. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles published from inception to 1 August 2020. We included studies evaluating the effect of DOACs versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients with left ventricular thrombi. The primary outcome was thrombus resolution, and the secondary outcomes were major bleeding and stroke or systemic embolization (SSE). RESULTS: Five retrospective observational studies were included, with a total of 857 patients. VKAs and DOACs had a similar rate of thrombus resolution (odds ratio [OR] 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-1.65; p = 0.90). Our analysis also demonstrated a similar rate of major bleeding (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.27-1.44; p = 0.27) and SSE (OR 1.86; 95% CI 0.99-3.50; p = 0.05) between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION: In patients with left ventricular thrombi, DOACs and VKAs are associated with similar rates of thrombus resolution, major bleeding, and SSE.
BACKGROUND: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have a well-established role in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and in the reduction of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. However, limited evidence supports their role in patients with left ventricular thrombi. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles published from inception to 1 August 2020. We included studies evaluating the effect of DOACs versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients with left ventricular thrombi. The primary outcome was thrombus resolution, and the secondary outcomes were major bleeding and stroke or systemic embolization (SSE). RESULTS: Five retrospective observational studies were included, with a total of 857 patients. VKAs and DOACs had a similar rate of thrombus resolution (odds ratio [OR] 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-1.65; p = 0.90). Our analysis also demonstrated a similar rate of major bleeding (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.27-1.44; p = 0.27) and SSE (OR 1.86; 95% CI 0.99-3.50; p = 0.05) between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION: In patients with left ventricular thrombi, DOACs and VKAs are associated with similar rates of thrombus resolution, major bleeding, and SSE.
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