Jessica Daher1, Antoine Da Costa2,3, Christophe Hilaire1, Thomas Ferreira1, Romain Pierrard1, Jean Baptiste Guichard1, Cécile Romeyer1, Karl Isaaz1. 1. Division of Cardiology, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, Loire, France. 2. Division of Cardiology, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, Loire, France. dakosta@orange.fr. 3. Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Nord, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, Loire, France. dakosta@orange.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the management of left ventricular (LV) thrombi remains to be determined, especially in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. This retrospective study sought to compare the efficacy of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and DOACs in patients with LV thrombi and evaluate the rate of LV thrombus resolution after adjusting anticoagulation. METHODS: This observational retrospective study included patients admitted to our institution for LV thrombus between January 2010 and August 2019. The rate of LV thrombus resolution was compared between VKAs and DOACs. Patients without thrombus resolution with DOAC treatment were switched to VKA agents in order to obtain an international normalized ratio (INR) of 3-4. RESULTS: Between January 2010 and August 2019, 59 consecutive patients with LV thrombi detected by transthoracic echocardiography were included in the study. The mean age was 62 ± 14 years and 16.9% were women. The circumstances of LV thrombus discovery were as follows: acute myocardial infarction or ischemic myocardiopathy (n = 22), stroke (n = 6), chest pain (n = 7), heart failure (n = 11), transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation (n = 11), and ventricular arrhythmias (n = 2). The proportion of patients on DOACs was 28.8% (n = 17), while that of those on VKAs was 71.2% (n = 42). Thrombus resolution was obtained in 70.6% (12/17) of patients on DOACs and in 71.4% (30/42) of those on VKAs (p = 0.9). Patients who failed to respond to DOAC treatment were treated with VKAs, and following this treatment adjustment all LV thrombi were dissolved in the DOAC group (5/5). Five embolic events (8.4% of stroke) occurred before the treatment initiation and six with anticoagulants (2/17 with DOACs [11.8%] and 4/42 with VKAs [9.5%]; p = 0.8). CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective observational study found a similar efficacy between DOAC and VKA agents in patients with LV thrombi (70.6% vs. 71.5%); however, when the thrombus remains, VKAs are still the standard of care as it is possible to control INR levels (3-4) with them.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the management of left ventricular (LV) thrombi remains to be determined, especially in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. This retrospective study sought to compare the efficacy of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and DOACs in patients with LV thrombi and evaluate the rate of LV thrombus resolution after adjusting anticoagulation. METHODS: This observational retrospective study included patients admitted to our institution for LV thrombus between January 2010 and August 2019. The rate of LV thrombus resolution was compared between VKAs and DOACs. Patients without thrombus resolution with DOAC treatment were switched to VKA agents in order to obtain an international normalized ratio (INR) of 3-4. RESULTS: Between January 2010 and August 2019, 59 consecutive patients with LV thrombi detected by transthoracic echocardiography were included in the study. The mean age was 62 ± 14 years and 16.9% were women. The circumstances of LV thrombus discovery were as follows: acute myocardial infarction or ischemic myocardiopathy (n = 22), stroke (n = 6), chest pain (n = 7), heart failure (n = 11), transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation (n = 11), and ventricular arrhythmias (n = 2). The proportion of patients on DOACs was 28.8% (n = 17), while that of those on VKAs was 71.2% (n = 42). Thrombus resolution was obtained in 70.6% (12/17) of patients on DOACs and in 71.4% (30/42) of those on VKAs (p = 0.9). Patients who failed to respond to DOAC treatment were treated with VKAs, and following this treatment adjustment all LV thrombi were dissolved in the DOAC group (5/5). Five embolic events (8.4% of stroke) occurred before the treatment initiation and six with anticoagulants (2/17 with DOACs [11.8%] and 4/42 with VKAs [9.5%]; p = 0.8). CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective observational study found a similar efficacy between DOAC and VKA agents in patients with LV thrombi (70.6% vs. 71.5%); however, when the thrombus remains, VKAs are still the standard of care as it is possible to control INR levels (3-4) with them.
Authors: Waldemar Elikowski; Małgorzata Małek-Elikowska; Marek Słomczyński; Teresa Ganowicz-Kaatz; Andrzej Bolewski; Paweł Skrzywanek Journal: Pol Merkur Lekarski Date: 2016-11-25
Authors: Megan E Bass; Tyree H Kiser; Robert L Page; Colleen K McIlvennan; Larry A Allen; Garth Wright; Courtney Shakowski Journal: J Thromb Thrombolysis Date: 2021-01-09 Impact factor: 2.300
Authors: Abdullah Al-Abcha; Khader Herzallah; Yehia Saleh; Mark Mujer; Ola Abdelkarim; Mahmoud Abdelnabi; Abdallah Almaghraby; George S Abela Journal: Am J Cardiovasc Drugs Date: 2020-12-23 Impact factor: 3.571