Tao Zhang1, Jie Song2, Ce Chen3, Ran Li4,5, Yachen Li4,5, Yun Sun4,5, Tao Fang6, Weiwei Xu1, Hongjun Tian5,6, Chuanjun Zhuo3,4,5,6. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Dongying Shengli Hospital, Dongying, China. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Qingpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Seventh Hospital, Wenzhou, China. 4. Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics and Comorbidity Laboratory, Tianjin Mental Health Centre, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Mental Health Teaching Hospital, Tianjin, China. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. 6. Key Laboratory of Sensory Information Processing Abnormalities in Schizophrenia (SIPP_Lab), Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Data on differences in brain features between monozygotic (MZ) twins with and without schizophrenia are scarce. METHODS: We compared brain features of female MZ twins with and without first-episode schizophrenia and healthy controls (n = 20 each). Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were used to analyze differences in brain structure. Whole-brain effective connectivity (EC) and functional connectivity (FC) networks were constructed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. RESULTS: Female twins with schizophrenia exhibited abnormal gray matter volume (GMV) in the basal ganglia and prefrontal and parietal cortices, impairments in the arcuate fasciculus, and significant disruptions (primarily decreases) in nine EC networks. They exhibited rs-EC alterations involving the limbic areas and subcortex. Combined rs-EC and rs-FC data distinguished twins with first-episode schizophrenia with high accuracy. Combined consideration of structural and functional features enabled the distinction of female MZ twins with schizophrenia from those without schizophrenia and healthy controls with 100% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Female MZ twins with schizophrenia exhibited increased GMV, white matter impairment, and disruptions in EC and FC networks. The combination of rs-EC + rs-FC data could distinguish female twins with schizophrenia from twins without schizophrenia and healthy controls with 97.4% accuracy, and the addition of structural brain features yielded a 100% accuracy rate. These findings may provide pivotal insight for further study of the mechanisms underlying schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND: Data on differences in brain features between monozygotic (MZ) twins with and without schizophrenia are scarce. METHODS: We compared brain features of female MZ twins with and without first-episode schizophrenia and healthy controls (n = 20 each). Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were used to analyze differences in brain structure. Whole-brain effective connectivity (EC) and functional connectivity (FC) networks were constructed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. RESULTS: Female twins with schizophrenia exhibited abnormal gray matter volume (GMV) in the basal ganglia and prefrontal and parietal cortices, impairments in the arcuate fasciculus, and significant disruptions (primarily decreases) in nine EC networks. They exhibited rs-EC alterations involving the limbic areas and subcortex. Combined rs-EC and rs-FC data distinguished twins with first-episode schizophrenia with high accuracy. Combined consideration of structural and functional features enabled the distinction of female MZ twins with schizophrenia from those without schizophrenia and healthy controls with 100% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Female MZ twins with schizophrenia exhibited increased GMV, white matter impairment, and disruptions in EC and FC networks. The combination of rs-EC + rs-FC data could distinguish female twins with schizophrenia from twins without schizophrenia and healthy controls with 97.4% accuracy, and the addition of structural brain features yielded a 100% accuracy rate. These findings may provide pivotal insight for further study of the mechanisms underlying schizophrenia.
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