Angela P Campbell1, Constance Ogokeh2,3, Joana Y Lively4,5, Mary A Staat6, Rangaraj Selvarangan7,8, Natasha B Halasa9, Janet A Englund10,11, Julie A Boom12,13, Geoffrey A Weinberg14, John V Williams15, Monica McNeal6, Christopher J Harrison15, Laura S Stewart9, Eileen J Klein10,11, Leila C Sahni12,13, Peter G Szilagyi14,16, Marian G Michaels15, Robert W Hickey15, Mary E Moffat17, Barbara A Pahud15, Jennifer E Schuster15, Gina M Weddle15, Brian Rha4, Alicia M Fry2, Manish Patel2. 1. Influenza Division and app4@cdc.gov. 2. Influenza Division and. 3. Fellowship Program, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. 4. Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. 5. IHRC, Inc, Atlanta, Georgia. 6. Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Division of Infectious Disease, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. 7. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City and Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri. 8. Divisions of Infectious Diseases and. 9. Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. 10. Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington. 11. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. 12. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. 13. Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas. 14. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York. 15. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and. 16. Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles and University of California, Los Angeles Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California. 17. Pediatric Emergency Medicine and.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses initially predominated during the US 2018-2019 season, with antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses peaking later. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits among children in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network. METHODS: We tested children 6 months to 17 years with acute respiratory illness for influenza using molecular assays at 7 pediatric hospitals (ED patients <5 years at 3 sites). Vaccination status sources were parental report, state immunization information systems and/or provider records for inpatients, and parental report alone for ED patients. We estimated VE using a test-negative design, comparing odds of vaccination among children testing positive versus negative for influenza using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 1792 inpatients, 226 (13%) were influenza-positive: 47% for influenza A(H3N2), 36% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 9% for A (not subtyped), and 7% for B viruses. Among 1944 ED children, 420 (22%) were influenza-positive: 48% for A(H3N2), 35% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 11% for A (not subtyped), and 5% for B viruses. VE was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20% to 56%) against any influenza-related hospitalizations, 41% (95% CI, 11% to 61%) for A(H3N2), and 47% (95% CI, 16% to 67%) for A(H1N1)pdm09. VE was 51% (95% CI, 38% to 62%) against any influenza-related ED visits, 39% (95% CI, 15% to 56%) against A(H3N2), and 61% (95% CI, 44% to 73%) against A(H1N1)pdm09. CONCLUSIONS: The 2018-2019 influenza vaccine reduced pediatric influenza A-associated hospitalizations and ED visits by 40% to 60%, despite circulation of a drifted A(H3N2) clade.
BACKGROUND: Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses initially predominated during the US 2018-2019 season, with antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses peaking later. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits among children in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network. METHODS: We tested children 6 months to 17 years with acute respiratory illness for influenza using molecular assays at 7 pediatric hospitals (ED patients <5 years at 3 sites). Vaccination status sources were parental report, state immunization information systems and/or provider records for inpatients, and parental report alone for ED patients. We estimated VE using a test-negative design, comparing odds of vaccination among children testing positive versus negative for influenza using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 1792 inpatients, 226 (13%) were influenza-positive: 47% for influenza A(H3N2), 36% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 9% for A (not subtyped), and 7% for B viruses. Among 1944 ED children, 420 (22%) were influenza-positive: 48% for A(H3N2), 35% for A(H1N1)pdm09, 11% for A (not subtyped), and 5% for B viruses. VE was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20% to 56%) against any influenza-related hospitalizations, 41% (95% CI, 11% to 61%) for A(H3N2), and 47% (95% CI, 16% to 67%) for A(H1N1)pdm09. VE was 51% (95% CI, 38% to 62%) against any influenza-related ED visits, 39% (95% CI, 15% to 56%) against A(H3N2), and 61% (95% CI, 44% to 73%) against A(H1N1)pdm09. CONCLUSIONS: The 2018-2019 influenza vaccine reduced pediatric influenza A-associated hospitalizations and ED visits by 40% to 60%, despite circulation of a drifted A(H3N2) clade.
Authors: Inci Yildirim; Carol M Kao; Ashley Tippett; Piyarat Suntarattiwong; Mohamed Munye; Jumi Yi; Mohnd Elmontser; Elizabeth Quincer; Chris Focht; Nora Watson; Hande Bilen; Julia M Baker; Ben Lopman; Elena Hogenesch; Christina A Rostad; Evan J Anderson Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2021-11-16 Impact factor: 20.999
Authors: Hanan Ibrahim AlOmran; Abdullah S Al-Dosary; Fahad M AlGhamdi; Ziyad M Alshahrani; Nawaf S Altayar Journal: J Public Health Afr Date: 2022-05-24
Authors: Mark W Tenforde; Angela P Campbell; Marian G Michaels; Christopher J Harrison; Eileen J Klein; Janet A Englund; Rangaraj Selvarangan; Natasha B Halasa; Laura S Stewart; Geoffrey A Weinberg; John V Williams; Peter G Szilagyi; Mary A Staat; Julie A Boom; Leila C Sahni; Monica N Singer; Parvin H Azimi; Richard K Zimmerman; Monica M McNeal; H Keipp Talbot; Arnold S Monto; Emily T Martin; Manjusha Gaglani; Fernanda P Silveira; Donald B Middleton; Jill M Ferdinands; Melissa A Rolfes Journal: J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc Date: 2022-01-27 Impact factor: 5.235
Authors: Zaid Haddadin; Jennifer E Schuster; Andrew J Spieker; Herdi Rahman; Anna Blozinski; Laura Stewart; Angela P Campbell; Joana Y Lively; Marian G Michaels; John V Williams; Julie A Boom; Leila C Sahni; Mary Staat; Monica McNeal; Rangaraj Selvarangan; Christopher J Harrison; Geoffrey A Weinberg; Peter G Szilagyi; Janet A Englund; Eileen J Klein; Aaron T Curns; Brian Rha; Gayle E Langley; Aron J Hall; Manish M Patel; Natasha B Halasa Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2021-05-13 Impact factor: 7.124