BACKGROUND: Vaccination is the primary strategy to reduce influenza burden. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) can vary annually depending on circulating strains. METHODS: We used a test-negative case-control study design to estimate influenza VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizations among children (aged 6 months-17 years) across 5 influenza seasons in Atlanta, Georgia, from 2012-2013 to 2016-2017. Influenza-positive cases were randomly matched to test-negative controls based on age and influenza season in a 1:1 ratio. We used logistic regression models to compare odds ratios (ORs) of vaccination in cases to controls. We calculated VE as [100% × (1 - adjusted OR)] and computed 95% confidence intervals (CIs) around the estimates. RESULTS: We identified 14 596 hospitalizations of children who were tested for influenza using the multiplex respiratory molecular panel; influenza infection was detected in 1017 (7.0%). After exclusions, we included 512 influenza-positive cases and 512 influenza-negative controls. The median age was 5.9 years (interquartile range, 2.7-10.3), 497 (48.5%) were female, 567 (55.4%) were non-Hispanic Black, and 654 (63.9%) children were unvaccinated. Influenza A accounted for 370 (72.3%) of 512 cases and predominated during all 5 seasons. The adjusted VE against influenza-related hospitalizations during 2012-2013 to 2016-2017 was 51.3% (95% CI, 34.8% to 63.6%) and varied by season. Influenza VE was 54.7% (95% CI, 37.4% to 67.3%) for influenza A and 37.1% (95% CI, 2.3% to 59.5%) for influenza B. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccination decreased the risk of influenza-related pediatric hospitalizations by >50% across 5 influenza seasons.
BACKGROUND: Vaccination is the primary strategy to reduce influenza burden. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) can vary annually depending on circulating strains. METHODS: We used a test-negative case-control study design to estimate influenza VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizations among children (aged 6 months-17 years) across 5 influenza seasons in Atlanta, Georgia, from 2012-2013 to 2016-2017. Influenza-positive cases were randomly matched to test-negative controls based on age and influenza season in a 1:1 ratio. We used logistic regression models to compare odds ratios (ORs) of vaccination in cases to controls. We calculated VE as [100% × (1 - adjusted OR)] and computed 95% confidence intervals (CIs) around the estimates. RESULTS: We identified 14 596 hospitalizations of children who were tested for influenza using the multiplex respiratory molecular panel; influenza infection was detected in 1017 (7.0%). After exclusions, we included 512 influenza-positive cases and 512 influenza-negative controls. The median age was 5.9 years (interquartile range, 2.7-10.3), 497 (48.5%) were female, 567 (55.4%) were non-Hispanic Black, and 654 (63.9%) children were unvaccinated. Influenza A accounted for 370 (72.3%) of 512 cases and predominated during all 5 seasons. The adjusted VE against influenza-related hospitalizations during 2012-2013 to 2016-2017 was 51.3% (95% CI, 34.8% to 63.6%) and varied by season. Influenza VE was 54.7% (95% CI, 37.4% to 67.3%) for influenza A and 37.1% (95% CI, 2.3% to 59.5%) for influenza B. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccination decreased the risk of influenza-related pediatric hospitalizations by >50% across 5 influenza seasons.
Authors: Paul A Harris; Robert Taylor; Robert Thielke; Jonathon Payne; Nathaniel Gonzalez; Jose G Conde Journal: J Biomed Inform Date: 2008-09-30 Impact factor: 6.317
Authors: Edward A Belongia; Danuta M Skowronski; Huong Q McLean; Catharine Chambers; Maria E Sundaram; Gaston De Serres Journal: Expert Rev Vaccines Date: 2017-06-09 Impact factor: 5.217
Authors: G Thomas Ray; Ned Lewis; Nicola P Klein; Matthew F Daley; Shirley V Wang; Martin Kulldorff; Bruce Fireman Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2019-05-02 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Carmen Arriola; Shikha Garg; Evan J Anderson; Patrician A Ryan; Andrea George; Shelley M Zansky; Nancy Bennett; Arthur Reingold; Marisa Bargsten; Lisa Miller; Kimberly Yousey-Hindes; Lilith Tatham; Susan R Bohm; Ruth Lynfield; Ann Thomas; Mary Lou Lindegren; William Schaffner; Alicia M Fry; Sandra S Chaves Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2017-10-15 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Edward A Belongia; Maria E Sundaram; David L McClure; Jennifer K Meece; Jill Ferdinands; Jeffrey J VanWormer Journal: Vaccine Date: 2014-06-21 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: J Castilla; I Martínez-Baz; V Martínez-Artola; G Reina; F Pozo; M García Cenoz; M Guevara; J Morán; F Irisarri; M Arriazu; E Albéniz; C Ezpeleta; A Barricarte Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2013-01-31
Authors: Heath A Kelly; Sheena G Sullivan; Kristina A Grant; James E Fielding Journal: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Date: 2012-10-19 Impact factor: 4.380
Authors: Angela P Campbell; Constance Ogokeh; Joana Y Lively; Mary A Staat; Rangaraj Selvarangan; Natasha B Halasa; Janet A Englund; Julie A Boom; Geoffrey A Weinberg; John V Williams; Monica McNeal; Christopher J Harrison; Laura S Stewart; Eileen J Klein; Leila C Sahni; Peter G Szilagyi; Marian G Michaels; Robert W Hickey; Mary E Moffat; Barbara A Pahud; Jennifer E Schuster; Gina M Weddle; Brian Rha; Alicia M Fry; Manish Patel Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2020-10-05 Impact factor: 7.124