| Literature DB >> 33012789 |
S Zientara1, C Beck1, S Lecollinet1.
Abstract
The increase in international trade over the last thirty years, climate change owing to the industrial revolution, disruption of ecosystems, etc. are some of the factors that may explain the dynamics of disease emergence in regions of the world where they were not present. Thus in 1999, West Nile virus was introduced on the American continent where it spread at high speed. More than 2300 deaths and more than 25,000 neuroinvasive forms were recorded in humans from 1999 to 2019 in the United States of America. In the field of animal diseases, two viruses have made headlines in Europe: bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). The bluetongue virus, previously absent from Europe, was introduced in 1999. Numerous serotypes (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 25, 27) have since been identified in the European Union. Schmallenberg virus was identified in 2011 in Northern Germany and rapidly spread to other European countries. This virus had never been identified in the world before. These three viruses (WNV, BTV and SBV) are transmitted by arthropod vectors (mosquitoes and Culicoïdes). These emergences are a good illustration of the challenges that our countries will face in the coming years, in public, human and veterinary health.Entities:
Keywords: Arbovirus; Bluetongue; Emerging infectious diseases; Schmallenberg; West Nile
Year: 2020 PMID: 33012789 PMCID: PMC7521384 DOI: 10.1016/j.banm.2020.09.041
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Bull Acad Natl Med ISSN: 0001-4079 Impact factor: 0.144
Figure 1Cycle de transmission du virus West Nile.
Figure 2Localisation des foyers récents de fièvre West Nile en France métropolitaine.
Figure 3Distribution du virus West Nile en Europe en 2019 (source ECDC).
Figure 4Foyers de FCO BTV- 8 et 1 en France fin 2007 (Source : DGAL).
Figure 5Foyers de FCO à BTV-8 en France continentale fin 2008 (Source : Direction général de l’Alimentation (DGAL), Ministère chargé de l’Agriculture).