BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most common neoplasmas with a poor prognosis and a low 5-year survival rate. Early screening is an important measure for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. At present, different countries have issued corresponding lung cancer screening guidelines, but China still lacks guidelines based on Chinese population research. Therefore, the National Cancer Center launched a Multi-center Cancer Screening Program in Urban China. This study analyzed the evaluation of lung cancer risk assessment model and screening effect in urban China of Yunnan, so as to explore the evaluation model of high-risk lung cancer population suitable for China's national conditions and develop lung cancer screening guidelines for Chinese. METHODS: A questionnaire survey and lung cancer risk assessment were conducted on 165,337 people in 36 street offices in 4 main urban areas of Kunming, Yunnan Province, using cluster sampling method from January 2015 to December 2019. People with high-risk of lung cancer conducted low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening of chest. What's more, all participants were followed up by active or passive follow-up. RESULTS: There were 264 patients were diagnosed lung cancer by pathology, and the overall incidence of lung cancer was 0.16% (264/165,337). The high-risk group (0.31%, 116/37,914) was higher than the non-high-risk group (0.12%, 148/127,423), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The incidence of lung cancer in the high-risk group was higher than the non-high-risk group among the male, female, and lower 50-year-old or more than 50-year-old subgroups, with statistical differences (P<0.001), but there was no statistical difference in the group without LDCT screening (P=0.73). The sensitivity of the lung cancer high-risk population assessment model was 43.94% (116/264) and the specificity was 77.10% (127,275/165,073). The early diagnosis rate of the screening group was 72.97% (54/74), which was significantly higher than that of the non-screening group [28.48% (43/151)]. CONCLUSIONS: The lung cancer high-risk population assessment model of National Key Public Health Program: Cancer Screening Program in Urban China can detect high-risk populations and improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer effectively.
BACKGROUND:Lung cancer is the most common neoplasmas with a poor prognosis and a low 5-year survival rate. Early screening is an important measure for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. At present, different countries have issued corresponding lung cancer screening guidelines, but China still lacks guidelines based on Chinese population research. Therefore, the National Cancer Center launched a Multi-center Cancer Screening Program in Urban China. This study analyzed the evaluation of lung cancer risk assessment model and screening effect in urban China of Yunnan, so as to explore the evaluation model of high-risk lung cancer population suitable for China's national conditions and develop lung cancer screening guidelines for Chinese. METHODS: A questionnaire survey and lung cancer risk assessment were conducted on 165,337 people in 36 street offices in 4 main urban areas of Kunming, Yunnan Province, using cluster sampling method from January 2015 to December 2019. People with high-risk of lung cancer conducted low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening of chest. What's more, all participants were followed up by active or passive follow-up. RESULTS: There were 264 patients were diagnosed lung cancer by pathology, and the overall incidence of lung cancer was 0.16% (264/165,337). The high-risk group (0.31%, 116/37,914) was higher than the non-high-risk group (0.12%, 148/127,423), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The incidence of lung cancer in the high-risk group was higher than the non-high-risk group among the male, female, and lower 50-year-old or more than 50-year-old subgroups, with statistical differences (P<0.001), but there was no statistical difference in the group without LDCT screening (P=0.73). The sensitivity of the lung cancer high-risk population assessment model was 43.94% (116/264) and the specificity was 77.10% (127,275/165,073). The early diagnosis rate of the screening group was 72.97% (54/74), which was significantly higher than that of the non-screening group [28.48% (43/151)]. CONCLUSIONS: The lung cancer high-risk population assessment model of National Key Public Health Program: Cancer Screening Program in Urban China can detect high-risk populations and improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer effectively.
肺癌筛查研究流程图The flow chart of the lung cancer screening
高风险组和非高风险组肺癌患病情况比较
5年间经病理确诊肺癌患者264例,总体肺癌发生率为0.16%(264/165, 337),高风险组肺癌发生率(0.31%, 116/37, 914)高于非高风险组(0.12%, 148/127, 423),差异有统计学意义(χ2=212.24, P < 0.001)。此外,对不同性别、年龄分组及是否进行LDCT筛查进行亚组分析提示,在男性(χ2=14.39, P < 0.001)、女性(χ2=58.62, P < 0.001)、 < 50岁(χ2=46.62, P < 0.001)及≥50岁(χ2=153.08, P < 0.001)亚组间高风险组肺癌发生率均高于非高风险组,有统计学差异;但在未进行LDCT筛查组中高风险组与非高风险组的肺癌发生率无统计学差异(χ2=0.12, P =0.73)。详见表 1。
1
高风险组与非高风险组肺癌发生率的亚组比较分析
Subgroup analysis of lung cancer incidence between high-risk and non-high-risk groups
Characteristics
The high-risk group (n=37, 914)
The non-high-risk group (n=127, 423)
χ2
P
n
Lung cancer[n (%)]
Non-lung cancer[n (%)]
n
Lung cancer[n (%)]
Non-lung cancer[n (%)]
LDCT: low-dose computed tomography; NA: not available.
Gender
Male
23, 741
67 (0.28)
23, 674 (99.72)
52, 014
79 (0.15)
51, 935 (99.85)
14.39
< 0.001
Female
14, 173
49 (0.35)
14, 124 (99.65)
75, 409
69 (0.09)
75, 340 (99.91)
58.62
< 0.001
Age (yr)
< 50
13, 693
26 (0.19)
13, 667 (99.81)
47, 662
12 (0.03)
47, 650 (99.97)
46.62
< 0.001
≥50
24, 221
90 (0.37)
24, 131 (99.63)
7, 976
136 (1.71)
7, 840 (98.29)
153.08
< 0.001
LDCT screening
Yes
12, 041
88 (0.73)
11, 953 (99.27)
NA
NA
No
25, 873
28 (0.11)
25, 845 (99.89)
127, 423
148 (0.12)
127, 275 (99.88)
0.12
0.730
高风险组与非高风险组肺癌发生率的亚组比较分析Subgroup analysis of lung cancer incidence between high-risk and non-high-risk groups
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