Eva Grilc1, Katarina Prosenc Trilar2, Jaro Lajovic3, Maja Sočan1. 1. National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia. 2. National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Ljubljana, Slovenia. 3. Ro Sigma, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In Slovenia, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surveillance is based on national laboratory data. The weeks with more than 10% of samples tested positive compose RSV epidemic season. The use of real-time multiplex PCR, which identifies other respiratory pathogens in parallel with RSV, caused more testing but the percentage of RSV positives lowered. The 10% threshold was reached with delay, which raised concern about its suitability for defining RSV seasonality. METHODS: To describe the seasonality of RSV, the onset, offset and duration of the RSV epidemic season across 10 years (from week 40, 2008/2009 to week 39, 2017/2018), four calculative methods were deployed including moving epidemic method, MEM, and epidemiological parameters were compared. RESULTS: In 10 years, 10 969 (12%) out of 90 264 samples tested positive for RSV. The number of tested samples increased remarkably from the first to last season with a drop in the percentage of positive samples from 23% to 10%. The onset of RSV epidemic varied considerably regardless of the calculative method used (from 10 to 13 weeks). The unevenness in the RSV epidemic season end was also observed. The average duration of RSV epidemic season was the shortest when moving epidemic method has been used (15.7 weeks) and longest with ≥3% method (22.9 weeks). CONCLUSION: The ≥3% calculative method could be used as an early warning of the RSV season. However, ≥7% calculative method was found to be reliable enough to define the epidemiological parameters of an ongoing season and to support public health response. The potential of the moving epidemic method should be further explored.
BACKGROUND: In Slovenia, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surveillance is based on national laboratory data. The weeks with more than 10% of samples tested positive compose RSV epidemic season. The use of real-time multiplex PCR, which identifies other respiratory pathogens in parallel with RSV, caused more testing but the percentage of RSV positives lowered. The 10% threshold was reached with delay, which raised concern about its suitability for defining RSV seasonality. METHODS: To describe the seasonality of RSV, the onset, offset and duration of the RSV epidemic season across 10 years (from week 40, 2008/2009 to week 39, 2017/2018), four calculative methods were deployed including moving epidemic method, MEM, and epidemiological parameters were compared. RESULTS: In 10 years, 10 969 (12%) out of 90 264 samples tested positive for RSV. The number of tested samples increased remarkably from the first to last season with a drop in the percentage of positive samples from 23% to 10%. The onset of RSV epidemic varied considerably regardless of the calculative method used (from 10 to 13 weeks). The unevenness in the RSV epidemic season end was also observed. The average duration of RSV epidemic season was the shortest when moving epidemic method has been used (15.7 weeks) and longest with ≥3% method (22.9 weeks). CONCLUSION: The ≥3% calculative method could be used as an early warning of the RSV season. However, ≥7% calculative method was found to be reliable enough to define the epidemiological parameters of an ongoing season and to support public health response. The potential of the moving epidemic method should be further explored.
Authors: Adam Meijer; Caroline Brown; Olav Hungnes; Brunhilde Schweiger; Martine Valette; Sylvie van der Werf; Maria Zambon Journal: Vaccine Date: 2006-06-05 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Claire M Midgley; Amber K Haynes; Jason L Baumgardner; Christina Chommanard; Sara W Demas; Mila M Prill; Glen R Abedi; Aaron T Curns; John T Watson; Susan I Gerber Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Ting Shi; David A McAllister; Katherine L O'Brien; Eric A F Simoes; Shabir A Madhi; Bradford D Gessner; Fernando P Polack; Evelyn Balsells; Sozinho Acacio; Claudia Aguayo; Issifou Alassani; Asad Ali; Martin Antonio; Shally Awasthi; Juliet O Awori; Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner; Henry C Baggett; Vicky L Baillie; Angel Balmaseda; Alfredo Barahona; Sudha Basnet; Quique Bassat; Wilma Basualdo; Godfrey Bigogo; Louis Bont; Robert F Breiman; W Abdullah Brooks; Shobha Broor; Nigel Bruce; Dana Bruden; Philippe Buchy; Stuart Campbell; Phyllis Carosone-Link; Mandeep Chadha; James Chipeta; Monidarin Chou; Wilfrido Clara; Cheryl Cohen; Elizabeth de Cuellar; Duc-Anh Dang; Budragchaagiin Dash-Yandag; Maria Deloria-Knoll; Mukesh Dherani; Tekchheng Eap; Bernard E Ebruke; Marcela Echavarria; Carla Cecília de Freitas Lázaro Emediato; Rodrigo A Fasce; Daniel R Feikin; Luzhao Feng; Angela Gentile; Aubree Gordon; Doli Goswami; Sophie Goyet; Michelle Groome; Natasha Halasa; Siddhivinayak Hirve; Nusrat Homaira; Stephen R C Howie; Jorge Jara; Imane Jroundi; Cissy B Kartasasmita; Najwa Khuri-Bulos; Karen L Kotloff; Anand Krishnan; Romina Libster; Olga Lopez; Marilla G Lucero; Florencia Lucion; Socorro P Lupisan; Debora N Marcone; John P McCracken; Mario Mejia; Jennifer C Moisi; Joel M Montgomery; David P Moore; Cinta Moraleda; Jocelyn Moyes; Patrick Munywoki; Kuswandewi Mutyara; Mark P Nicol; D James Nokes; Pagbajabyn Nymadawa; Maria Tereza da Costa Oliveira; Histoshi Oshitani; Nitin Pandey; Gláucia Paranhos-Baccalà; Lia N Phillips; Valentina Sanchez Picot; Mustafizur Rahman; Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo; Zeba A Rasmussen; Barbara A Rath; Annick Robinson; Candice Romero; Graciela Russomando; Vahid Salimi; Pongpun Sawatwong; Nienke Scheltema; Brunhilde Schweiger; J Anthony G Scott; Phil Seidenberg; Kunling Shen; Rosalyn Singleton; Viviana Sotomayor; Tor A Strand; Agustinus Sutanto; Mariam Sylla; Milagritos D Tapia; Somsak Thamthitiwat; Elizabeth D Thomas; Rafal Tokarz; Claudia Turner; Marietjie Venter; Sunthareeya Waicharoen; Jianwei Wang; Wanitda Watthanaworawit; Lay-Myint Yoshida; Hongjie Yu; Heather J Zar; Harry Campbell; Harish Nair Journal: Lancet Date: 2017-07-07 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Laura M Vos; Anne C Teirlinck; José E Lozano; Tomás Vega; Gé A Donker; Andy Im Hoepelman; Louis J Bont; Jan Jelrik Oosterheert; Adam Meijer Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2019-05
Authors: Elsa Baumeister; Jazmin Duque; Teresa Varela; Rakhee Palekar; Paula Couto; Vilma Savy; Carlos Giovacchini; Amber K Haynes; Brian Rha; Carmen S Arriola; Susan I Gerber; Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner Journal: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Date: 2018-11-20 Impact factor: 4.380
Authors: Jasmin S Kutter; Dennis de Meulder; Theo M Bestebroer; Jeroen J A van Kampen; Richard Molenkamp; Ron A M Fouchier; Jérôme O Wishaupt; Pieter L A Fraaij; Sander Herfst Journal: Antimicrob Resist Infect Control Date: 2021-06-30 Impact factor: 4.887