| Literature DB >> 32616974 |
Nigil Sadanandan Palliyil1, Siddharth Shah1, Ravi Ranjan Rai1, Samir Dalvie1, Joseph Monteiro1.
Abstract
Objective To assess the long-term outcome and perioperative morbidity in spine surgeries for lumbar degenerative disorders and, thereby, to evaluate the safety of surgery in the aging population. Methods Retrospective study of patients aged > 70 years, operated for degenerative lumbar disorders between 2011 and 2015. We evaluated patient demographic, clinical and surgical data; comorbidities, perioperative complications, pre & postoperative pain scores and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores, patient satisfaction and overall mortality. Results A total of 103 patients (Males: Females55:48) with mean age 74.6 years (70-85yrs) were studied. 60 patients (58.2%) had decompression alone, while 43 (41.8%) had decompression & fusion. Mean hospital stay was 5.7days. Mean follow-up was 47.6months (24-73mnths). Patients reported significant improvement in backpain (Numerical pain score 7.7 vs 1.6; p < 0.001), leg pain (Numerical pain score 7.4 vs 1.7; p < 0.001), disability (ODI 82.3 vs 19.1; p < 0.001) and walking distance ( p < 0.001). 76% patients were satisfied with the results at the time of final follow-up. 26 patients (25.24%) had perioperative complications which were all minor, without mortality. Most common intraoperative & postoperative complications were dural tear (6.79%) & urinary tract infection (6.79%) respectively. Conclusions With meticulous perioperative care lumbar spine surgery is safe and effective in elderly population. Patients had longer mean hospital stay in view of the gradual and comprehensive rehabilitation program. Presence of comorbidities or minor perioperative complications did not increase the overall morbidity or affect the clinical outcomes of surgery in our study.Entities:
Keywords: elderly; intervertebral disc degeneration/surgery; lumbar vertebrae/surgery; spine surgery
Year: 2019 PMID: 32616974 PMCID: PMC7316544 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700833
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Demographic data on the 103 elderly patients who underwent surgery
| Mean Age | 74.62 |
|---|---|
| Sex (male/female) | 55/48 |
| ASA (I/II/III) | 6.7%; 66%; 27.3% |
| Average follow-up | 47.6 months |
| Deaths (at time of final follow-up) | 9 |
Abbreviation: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.
Distribution of comorbidities
| Comorbidity | Number of patients |
|---|---|
| Hypertension | 54 |
| Diabetes | 43 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 18 |
| Asthma/COPD | 7 |
| Thyroid dysfunction | 6 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 4 |
| Parkinsonism | 4 |
| Tuberculosis | 4 |
| Malignancy | 3 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 1 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 1 |
| Depression | 1 |
Abbreviation: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of physical status
| Class | Definition |
|---|---|
| I | No systemic disease |
| II | Mild to moderate systemic disease |
| III | Severe systemic disease |
| IV | Severe systemic disease that is life threatening |
| V | Moribund patient with little chance of survival |
Perioperative complications
| Complications | Number (%) |
|---|---|
| Dural tear | 7 (6.79%) |
| Surgical site infection | 3 (2.91%) |
| Urinary tract infection | 7 (6.79%) |
| Altered sensorium | 3 (2.91%) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 3 (2.91%) |
| Hypotension/arrythmia | 2 (1.94%) |
| Acute cholecystitis | 1 (0.97%) |
| Total | 26 (25.24%) |
Distribution of complications relevant to the American Society of Anesthesiologists
| ASA | I | II | III |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 7 | 68 | 28 |
| Complications | |||
| Dural tear | 0 | 6 | 1 |
| Surgical site infection | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Urinary tract infection | 2 | 4 | 1 |
| Altered sensorium | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Vomiting | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hypotension/arrythmia | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Acute cholecystitis | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Total number of complications | 3 (42%) | 17 (25%) | 6 (21.4%) |
Abbreviation: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.
Clinical outcome measures
| Preoperatively | At final follow-up | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Standard deviation | Mean | Standard deviation | Significance | |
| Numerical pain scale | 7.37 | 0.889 | 1.57 | 1.765 |
|
| Numerical pain scale | 7.60 | 0.823 | 1.56 | 1.922 |
|
| ODI score | 82.32 | 5.764 | 19.17 | 24.14 |
|
Abbreviation: ODI, Oswestry disability index.
Fig. 1Walking distance of patients preoperatively and at the time of final follow up postoperatively.
Dados demográficos dos 103 idosos submetidos à cirurgia
| Idade Média | 74,62 |
|---|---|
| Sexo (Masculino/feminino) | 55/48 |
| ASA (I/II/III) | 6,7%; 66%; 27,3% |
| Média de acompanhamento | 47,6 months |
| Óbitos (no momento do acompanhamento final) | 9 |
Distribuição das comorbidades
| Comorbidade | Número de Pacientes |
|---|---|
| Hipertensão | 54 |
| Diabetes | 43 |
| Cardiopatia isquêmica | 18 |
| Asma/DPOC | 7 |
| Disfunção tireoidiana | 6 |
| Doença renal crônica | 4 |
| Parkinsonismo | 4 |
| Tuberculose | 4 |
| Malignidade | 3 |
| Artrite reumatoide | 1 |
| Espondilite anquilosante | 1 |
| Depressão | 1 |
Abreviatura: DPOC, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica.
Classificação da American Society of Anesthesiologists do estado físico
| Classe | Definição |
|---|---|
| I | Nenhuma doença sistêmica |
| II | Doença sistêmica leve a moderada |
| III | Doença sistêmica grave |
| IV | Doença sistêmica grave com risco de vida |
| V | Paciente moribundo com poucas chances de sobrevivência |
Complicações perioperatórias
| Complicações | Número (%) |
|---|---|
| Ruptura dural | 7 (6,79%) |
| Infecção do sítio cirúrgico | 3 (2,91%) |
| Infecção do trato urinário | 7 (6,79%) |
| Sensório alterado | 3 (2,91%) |
| Náuseas/vômitos | 3 (2,91%) |
| Hipotensão/arritmia | 2 (1,94%) |
| Colecistite aguda | 1 (0,97%) |
| Total | 26 (25,24%) |
Agrupamento das complicações relevantes para ASA
| ASA | I | II | III |
|---|---|---|---|
| Número de pacientes | 7 | 68 | 28 |
| Complicações | |||
| Ruptura dural | 0 | 6 | 1 |
| Infecção do sítio cirúrgico | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Infecção do trato urinário | 2 | 4 | 1 |
| Sensório alterado | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Vômitos | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hipotensão/arritmia | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Colecistite aguda | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Número total de complicações | 3 (42%) | 17 (25%) | 6 (21,4%) |
Abreviatura: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists .
Medidas de desfechos clínicos
| Pré-operatório | Acompanhamento final | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Média | Desvio padrão | Média | Desvio padrão | Significado | |
| Escala numérica de dor (dor nas pernas) | 7,37 | 0,889 | 1,57 | 1,765 |
Valor de
|
| Escala numérica de dor (dor nas costas) | 7,60 | 0,823 | 1,56 | 1,922 |
Valor de
|
| Escore ODI | 82,32 | 5,764 | 19,17 | 24,14 |
Valor de
|
Abreviatura: ODI, Oswestry disability index.
Fig. 1Curta distância dos pacientes no pré-operatório e no momento do acompanhamento final no pós-operatório.