| Literature DB >> 32476690 |
Raisa A Mayers1,2, Andrea Soria Montoya1,3, Alejandro Piscoya Rivera1,4, Wilmer Gianfranco Silva Caso1,5,6.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities and abdominal obesity; its pathophysiologic basis, insulin resistance, has been shown to act as agent in thyroid cell proliferation. Few studies analyze the relationship between metabolic syndrome and thyroid nodular disease, with a substantial knowledge gap.Entities:
Keywords: Cholesterol, HDL; IGF1 protein, human; IGF2 protein, human; Insulin; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; Iodine; Obesity, Abdominal; Thyroid nodule; case-control studies; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2019 PMID: 32476690 PMCID: PMC7232946 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i4.2833
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Figure 1Flow chart of patient selection. *Patients with TSH and free T4 outside the normal ranges proposed (TSH 0.4 to 4 mLU/L free T4 and 0.9 to 1.8 ng/dL). **Patients who did not count with the results of one more of laboratory tests (serum triglycerides, fasting glucose or cholesterol HDL) and / or that they had greater antiquity of three months each other or with other criteria of metabolic syndrome (measured blood pressure and / or measuring the abdominal circumference).
Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome*
| Abdominal obesity | Man ≥90 cm | Woman ≥80 cm |
|---|---|---|
| Serum HDL cholesterola | Man <40 mg/dL | Woman<50 mg/dL |
| Blood pressureb | SP ≥130 mmHg | DP ≥85 mmHg |
| Serum triglyceridesc | ≥150 mg/dL | |
| Fasting glucosed | ≥110 mg/dL |
* For the diagnosis of the syndrome must meet three or more criteria
and / or current use of drug therapy for low HDL cholesterol
and / or current use of antihypertensive medication
and / or current use of drug treatment for elevated triglycerides
and / or current use of antidiabetic drugs. (Oral agents or insulin)
Values obtained from the joint provisional declaration of the Working Group of the International Diabetes Federation on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Society of Atherosclerois; and International Association for the Study of Obesity
General characteristics of patients with and without thyroid nodule of a national hospital in Lima
| Variables | Patients with nodules | Patients without nodules | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=91 (%) | n=91 (%) | |||
| Gender | ||||
| Man | 8 | 8.8 | 16 | 17.6 |
| Woman | 83 | 91.2 | 75 | 82.4 |
| Age (year) | ||||
| <40 | 23 | 25.3 | 28 | 30.8 |
| 40 a 59 | 45 | 49.5 | 38 | 41.8 |
| ≥60 | 23 | 25.3 | 25 | 27.5 |
| BMI | ||||
| Underweight | 33 | 36.3 | 27 | 29.7 |
| Norm weight | 1 | 1.1 | 2 | 2.2 |
| Overweight | 34 | 37.4 | 40 | 44.0 |
| Obese | 23 | 25.3 | 22 | 24.2 |
| Measurements | ||||
| BMI* (kg/m2) | 26.92 | 4.36 | 26.62 | 4.42 |
| Size* (m) | 1.56 | 0.08 | 1.57 | 0.08 |
| Weight**(kg) | 64 | 17 | 64 | 15 |
| Abdominal circumference** (cm) | ||||
| Man | 91.5 | 25.3 | 93.0 | 18.5 |
| Woman | 90.0 | 23.9 | 89 | 12.5 |
| TSH**(mlU/L) | 2.71 | 2.07 | 2.50 | 1.18 |
| T4L** (ng/dL) | 1.33 | 0.28 | 1.00 | 0.17 |
| HDL** (mg/dL) | ||||
| Man | 49 | 12.35 | 54 | 8.5 |
| Woman*** | 45 | 12.40 | 52 | 17.0 |
| Glucose**(mg/dL) | 95 | 35.0 | 90 | 26.4 |
| Triglycerides** (mg/dL) | 121 | 68.0 | 115 | 69.5 |
| Systolic pressure** (mmHg) | 120 | 20 | 115 | 20 |
| Diastolic pressure** (mmHg) | 70 | 10 | 70 | 11 |
| Nodule size ** (mm) | 12.6 | 11.9 | - | - |
| Background | ||||
| Diabetes | 20 | 21.98 | 11 | 12.09 |
| Hypertension | 26 | 28.57 | 22 | 24.17 |
| TG Dyslipidemia | 10 | 10.99 | 15 | 16.48 |
| HDL Dyslipidemia | 9 | 6.59 | 4 | 4.39 |
*The mean and standard deviation is described.
**The median and interquartile range is described
***p= 0.035 Significant difference between the values of HDL in women in the case group compared to the control group
Differences between the metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with and without thyroid nodule
| Variables | With nodule | Without nodule | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=91 (%) | n=91 (%) | |||
| Metabolic syndrome* | ||||
| Yes | 58 | 63.7 | 37 | 40.66 |
| No | 33 | 36.3 | 54 | 59.3 |
| Abdominal obesity | ||||
| Yes | 70 | 76.92 | 70 | 76.92 |
| No | 21 | 23.08 | 21 | 23.08 |
| Low HDL* | ||||
| Yes | 58 | 63.74 | 35 | 38.46 |
| No | 33 | 36.26 | 56 | 61.54 |
| High triglycerides | ||||
| Yes | 44 | 48.35 | 39 | 42.86 |
| No | 47 | 51.65 | 52 | 57.14 |
| High blood pressure | ||||
| Yes | 53 | 58.24 | 40 | 43.96 |
| No | 38 | 41.76 | 51 | 56.04 |
| Impaired fasting glucose | ||||
| Yes | 41 | 45.05 | 26 | 28.57 |
| No | 50 | 54.95 | 65 | 71.43 |
*p < 0.05
Bivariate and multivariate analysis between metabolic syndrome and thyroid nodule
| Modelo bivariado | Bivariate model | Multivariate model* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (IC 95%) | OR (IC 95%) | |||
| Metabolic Syndrome | ||||
| Yes** | 2.56 | 1.41-4.66 | 2.96 | 1.47-5.95 |
| No | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Individual components | ||||
| Abdominal obesity | 1 | 0.5-1.99 | 0.68 | 0.27-1.67 |
| Low HDL** | 2.81 | 1.54-5.12 | 2.77 | 1.44-5.3 |
| High triglycerides | 1.24 | 0.69-2.23 | 1.29 | 0.66-2.51 |
| High blood pressure | 1.77 | 0.98-3.19 | 1.76 | 0.92-3.38 |
| Impared fasting glucose** | 2.05 | 1.10-9.78 | 2.23 | 1.14-4.34 |
*Adjusted for age. gender. and nutritional status (BMI)
**p < 0.05
Figura 1Diagrama de flujo de selección de pacientes. * Pacientes con TSH y T4 libre fuera de los rangos normales propuestos (TSH 0.4 a 4 mLU/L T4 libre y 0.9 a 1.8 ng/dL). ** Pacientes que no contaron con los resultados de una o más pruebas de laboratorio (triglicéridos séricos, glucosa en ayunas o colesterol HDL) y/o que tuvieron una antigüedad mayor de tres meses entre sí o con otros criterios de síndrome metabólico (presión arterial medida y/o medir la circunferencia abdominal).
Criterios diagnósticos de Sindrome metabólico*
| Obesidad abdominal | Hombre≥90 cm | Mujer≥80 cm |
|---|---|---|
| Colesterol HDL en sueroa | Hombre<40 mg/dL | Mujer<50 mg/dL |
| Presion sanguíneab | PS ≥130 mmHg | PD ≥85 mmHg |
| Triglicéridos en sueroc | ≥150 mg/dL | |
| Glucosa en ayunasd | ≥110 mg/dL |
* Para el diagnóstico del síndrome se deben cumplir tres o más criterios.
y / o uso actual de terapia farmacológica para el colesterol HDL bajo
y / o uso actual de medicamentos antihipertensivos
y / o uso actual de tratamiento farmacológico para triglicéridos elevados
y / o uso actual de medicamentos antidiabéticos. (Agentes orales o insulina)
Valores obtenidos de la declaración provisional conjunta de Working Group of the International Diabetes Federation on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Society of Atherosclerois; and International Association for the Study of Obesity
Características generales de los pacientes con y sin nódulo tiroideo de un hospital nacional de Lima
| Variables | Pacientes con Nódulo | Pacientes sin Nódulo | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n= 91 (%) | n= 91 (%) | |||
| Género | ||||
| Varón | 8 | 8.8 | 16 | 17.6 |
| Mujer | 83 | 91.2 | 75 | 82.4 |
| Edad (años) | ||||
| <40 | 23 | 25.3 | 28 | 30.8 |
| 40 a 59 | 45 | 49.5 | 38 | 41.8 |
| ≥60 | 23 | 25.3 | 25 | 27.5 |
| IMC | ||||
| Bajo peso | 33 | 36.3 | 27 | 29.7 |
| Normo peso | 1 | 1.1 | 2 | 2.2 |
| Sobrepeso | 34 | 37.4 | 40 | 44.0 |
| Obeso | 23 | 25.3 | 22 | 24.2 |
| Mediciones | ||||
| IMC* (kg/m2) | 26.92 | 4.36 | 26.62 | 4.42 |
| Talla* (m) | 1.56 | 0.08 | 1.57 | 0.08 |
| Peso**(kg) | 64 | 17 | 64 | 15 |
| Perímetro abdominal** (cm) | ||||
| Varón | 91.5 | 25.3 | 93 | 18.5 |
| Mujer | 90 | 23.9 | 89 | 12.5 |
| TSH**(mlU/L) | 2.71 | 2.07 | 2.5 | 1.18 |
| T4** (ng/dL) | 1.33 | 0.28 | 1 | 0.17 |
| HDL** (mg/dL) | ||||
| Varón | 49 | 12.35 | 54 | 8.5 |
| Mujer*** | 45 | 12.40 | 52 | 17.0 |
| Glucosa**(mg/dL) | 95 | 35.0 | 90 | 26.4 |
| Triglicéridos** (mg/dL) | 121 | 68.0 | 115 | 69.5 |
| Presión sistólica**(mmHg) | 120 | 20 | 115 | 20 |
| Presión diastólica** (mmHg) | 70 | 10 | 70 | 11 |
| Tamaño de nódulo** (mm) | 12.6 | 11.9 | - | - |
| Antecedentes | ||||
| Diabetes | 20 | 21.98 | 11 | 12.09 |
| Hipertensión arterial | 26 | 28.57 | 22 | 24.17 |
| Dislipidemia TG | 10 | 10.99 | 15 | 16.48 |
| Dislipidemia HDL | 9 | 6.59 | 4 | 4.39 |
*Se describe la media y desviación estándar.
**Se describe la mediana y el rango intercuartílico.
***p= 0.035 diferencia significativa entre los valores de HDL en mujeres en el grupo de casos comparados con el grupo de control.
Diferencias entre el síndrome metabólico y sus componentes en pacientes con y sin nódulo tiroideo
| Variables | Con Nódulo | Sin Nódulo | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n= 91 (%) | n= 91 (%) | |||
| Síndrome metabólico* | ||||
| Si | 58 | 63.7 | 37 | 40.7 |
| No | 33 | 36.3 | 54 | 59.3 |
| Obesidad abdominal | ||||
| Sí | 70 | 76.9 | 70 | 76.9 |
| No | 21 | 23.1 | 21 | 23.1 |
| HDL bajo* | ||||
| Sí | 58 | 63.7 | 35 | 38.5 |
| No | 33 | 36.3 | 56 | 61.5 |
| Triglicéridos altos | ||||
| Sí | 44 | 48.4 | 39 | 42.9 |
| No | 47 | 51.6 | 52 | 57.1 |
| Presión elevada | ||||
| Sí | 53 | 58.2 | 40 | 44.0 |
| No | 38 | 41.8 | 51 | 56.0 |
| Glicemia basal alterada | ||||
| Sí | 41 | 45.1 | 26 | 28.6 |
| No | 50 | 54.9 | 65 | 71.4 |
*p < 0.005
Análisis bivariado y multivariado entre síndrome metabólico y nódulo tiroideo
| Modelo bivariado | Modelo bivariado | Modelo multivariado | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (IC 95%) | OR (IC 95%) | |||
| Síndrome metabólico | ||||
| Sí** | 2.56 | 1.41-4.66 | 2.96 | 1.47-5.95 |
| No | 1 | Referencia | 1 | Referencia |
| >Componentes individuales | ||||
| Obesidad abdominal | 1 | 0.5-1.99 | 0.68 | 0.27-1.67 |
| HDL bajo** | 2.81 | 1.54-5.12 | 2.77 | 1.44-5.3 |
| Triglicéridos altos | 1.24 | 0.69-2.23 | 1.29 | 0.66-2.51 |
| Presión elevada | 1.77 | 0.98-3.19 | 1.76 | 0.92-3.38 |
| Glicemia basal alterada** | 2.05 | 1.10-9.78 | 2.23 | 1.14-4.34 |
*Ajustado por edad, género y estado nutricional (IMC )
**p < 0.05
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| This study was performed because there is a need for knowledge regarding the relationship between the presence of thyroid nodular disease and metabolic syndrome in patients suffering from these pathologies in our region. |
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| In the multivariate analysis, the association between the presence of thyroid nodule with the metabolic syndrome OR of 2.96 (95% CI: 1.47-5.95, |
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| These results provide evidence for the approach and management of patients with nodular thyroid disease and metabolic syndrome as associated diseases |
| Este estudio se realizó porque existe la necesidad de conocer la relación que existe entre la presencia de enfermedad nodular tiroidea y el síndrome metabólico en pacientes que padecen estas patologías en nuestra región. |
| En el análisis multivariado, la asociación entre la presencia de nódulo tiroideo con el síndrome metabólico OR de 2.96 (IC 95%: 1.47-5.95, |
| Estos resultados proporcionan evidencia para el enfoque y manejo de pacientes con enfermedad tiroidea nodular y síndrome metabólico como enfermedades asociadas. |