BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to determine the levels of cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) ions generated in simulators from metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) and ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) constructs. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of these ion levels on native tissues and their potential to modify periprosthetic joint infection risk. METHODS: We used in vitro culture of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) and Staphylococcus epidermidis cultures, respectively. Ten hip simulator constructs (5 MoP and 5 CoP) were assembled and run for 1,000,000 cycles in bovine serum and evaluated for CoCr concentration. Cytotoxicity and growth impact on AMSCs and S. epidermidis was compared between CoCr and inert silicon dioxide. RESULTS: After 1,000,000 cycles, mean MoP and CoP Co concentration was 2264 and 0.6 ng/mL, respectively (P < .001). Mean MoP and CoP Cr concentration was 217 and 4.3 ng/mL, respectively (P < .001). Mean MoP Co:Cr ratio was 10:1. Co ions were significantly more toxic to human AMSCs than control silicon dioxide in a dose-response manner (P < .001). S. epidermidis growth was not significantly impacted by Co concentrations observed in the simulators. CONCLUSION: MoP constructs built in ideal conditions generated substantial CoCr debris, highlighting a baseline risk with these implants that may be exacerbated by host factors or imperfect surgical technique. Evaluation of impact on AMSCs suggests that debris levels produced under simulator conditions can be cytotoxic. In addition, these concentrations did not potentiate or inhibit S. epidermidis growth, suggesting that elevated periprosthetic joint infection rates with adverse local tissue reaction are related to other factors potentially associated with tissue necrosis.
BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to determine the levels of cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) ions generated in simulators from metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) and ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) constructs. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of these ion levels on native tissues and their potential to modify periprosthetic joint infection risk. METHODS: We used in vitro culture of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) and Staphylococcus epidermidis cultures, respectively. Ten hip simulator constructs (5 MoP and 5 CoP) were assembled and run for 1,000,000 cycles in bovine serum and evaluated for CoCr concentration. Cytotoxicity and growth impact on AMSCs and S. epidermidis was compared between CoCr and inert silicon dioxide. RESULTS: After 1,000,000 cycles, mean MoP and CoPCo concentration was 2264 and 0.6 ng/mL, respectively (P < .001). Mean MoP and CoPCr concentration was 217 and 4.3 ng/mL, respectively (P < .001). Mean MoPCo:Cr ratio was 10:1. Co ions were significantly more toxic to human AMSCs than control silicon dioxide in a dose-response manner (P < .001). S. epidermidis growth was not significantly impacted by Co concentrations observed in the simulators. CONCLUSION:MoP constructs built in ideal conditions generated substantial CoCr debris, highlighting a baseline risk with these implants that may be exacerbated by host factors or imperfect surgical technique. Evaluation of impact on AMSCs suggests that debris levels produced under simulator conditions can be cytotoxic. In addition, these concentrations did not potentiate or inhibit S. epidermidis growth, suggesting that elevated periprosthetic joint infection rates with adverse local tissue reaction are related to other factors potentially associated with tissue necrosis.
Authors: Cody C Wyles; T Carson Wright; Melanie C Bois; Md Shahrier Amin; Ahmed Fayyaz; Sarah M Jenkins; Saranya P Wyles; Patrick L Day; David L Murray; Robert T Trousdale; Nandan S Anavekar; William D Edwards; Joseph J Maleszewski Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am Date: 2017-11-15 Impact factor: 5.284
Authors: Patrick L Day; Steven J Eckdahl; Joseph J Maleszewski; Thomas C Wright; David L Murray Journal: J Trace Elem Med Biol Date: 2017-02-16 Impact factor: 3.849
Authors: H John Cooper; Robert M Urban; Richard L Wixson; R Michael Meneghini; Joshua J Jacobs Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am Date: 2013-05-15 Impact factor: 5.284
Authors: H John Cooper; Craig J Della Valle; Richard A Berger; Matthew Tetreault; Wayne G Paprosky; Scott M Sporer; Joshua J Jacobs Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am Date: 2012-09-19 Impact factor: 5.284
Authors: Paul H Yi; Michael B Cross; Mario Moric; Brett R Levine; Scott M Sporer; Wayne G Paprosky; Joshua J Jacobs; Craig J Della Valle Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res Date: 2015-02 Impact factor: 4.176
Authors: Ilona Swiatkowska; J Fred W Mosselmans; Tina Geraki; Cody C Wyles; Joseph J Maleszewski; Johann Henckel; Barry Sampson; Dominic B Potter; Ibtisam Osman; Robert T Trousdale; Alister J Hart Journal: J Trace Elem Med Biol Date: 2017-12-23 Impact factor: 3.849
Authors: Christopher G Salib; Eric A Lewallen; Christopher R Paradise; Meagan E Tibbo; Joseph X Robin; William H Trousdale; Logan M Morrey; Jason Xiao; Travis W Turner; Afton K Limberg; Anthony G Jay; Roman Thaler; Amel Dudakovic; Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo; Mark E Morrey; Daniel J Berry; David G Lewallen; Andre J van Wijnen; Matthew P Abdel Journal: Genomics Date: 2018-09-21 Impact factor: 5.736