Natalie Voos1, Danielle Smith2,3, Lisa Kaiser2, Martin C Mahoney2, Clara M Bradizza4, Lynn T Kozlowski3, Neal L Benowitz5, Richard J O'Connor2, Maciej L Goniewicz2. 1. Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, USA. nataliedvoos@gmail.com. 2. Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, USA. 3. School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, USA. 5. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Abstract
RATIONALE: There is limited understanding regarding how various e-cigarette flavorings may influence the behavior of non-regular e-cigarette users who are regular cigarette smokers. OBJECTIVES: To assess differences in nicotine delivery, puffing topography, subjective effects, and user satisfaction from different flavored e-liquids. METHODS:Eighteen daily smokers (average age, 44.1 ± 7.0; 9 males; average CPD, 13.0 ± 5.8) smoked their tobacco cigarettes during an initial visit and returned five times to try an e-cigarette (eGo type) refilled with anicotine solution (24 mg/ml) of five different flavors: cherry, tobacco, espresso, menthol, and vanilla (randomized order). Assessments at each visit included puffing topography, blood samples for nicotine analysis, and subjective reports of nicotine effects and flavor satisfaction. RESULTS: Vaping different flavors resulted in different levels of plasma nicotine. The flavor producing the highest plasma nicotine concentration (Cmax) was cherry (median 21.2 ng/ml), which was not significantly different than nicotine delivery from a combustible cigarette (29.2 ng/ml, p > .05). Vanilla e-liquid produced the lowest Cmax (9.7 ng/ml), and participants tended to puff less frequently on vanilla compared to tobacco flavor (p = .013). Flavors did not differ significantly in the speed of nicotine delivery (Tmax). During controlled use, puff duration for all flavors was significantly longer than a combustible cigarette (p < 0.05). After controlling for nicotine delivery, significant differences in flavor enjoyment were detected. Menthol flavored e-liquid was rated as more enjoyable than vanilla and tobacco flavored e-liquids (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Flavors tested in this study yielded different patterns of nicotine delivery and led to differences in reduction in smoking urges. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: #NCT02575885.
RCT Entities:
RATIONALE: There is limited understanding regarding how various e-cigarette flavorings may influence the behavior of non-regular e-cigarette users who are regular cigarette smokers. OBJECTIVES: To assess differences in nicotine delivery, puffing topography, subjective effects, and user satisfaction from different flavored e-liquids. METHODS: Eighteen daily smokers (average age, 44.1 ± 7.0; 9 males; average CPD, 13.0 ± 5.8) smoked their tobacco cigarettes during an initial visit and returned five times to try an e-cigarette (eGo type) refilled with a nicotine solution (24 mg/ml) of five different flavors: cherry, tobacco, espresso, menthol, and vanilla (randomized order). Assessments at each visit included puffing topography, blood samples for nicotine analysis, and subjective reports of nicotine effects and flavor satisfaction. RESULTS: Vaping different flavors resulted in different levels of plasma nicotine. The flavor producing the highest plasma nicotine concentration (Cmax) was cherry (median 21.2 ng/ml), which was not significantly different than nicotine delivery from a combustible cigarette (29.2 ng/ml, p > .05). Vanilla e-liquid produced the lowest Cmax (9.7 ng/ml), and participants tended to puff less frequently on vanilla compared to tobacco flavor (p = .013). Flavors did not differ significantly in the speed of nicotine delivery (Tmax). During controlled use, puff duration for all flavors was significantly longer than a combustible cigarette (p < 0.05). After controlling for nicotine delivery, significant differences in flavor enjoyment were detected. Menthol flavored e-liquid was rated as more enjoyable than vanilla and tobacco flavored e-liquids (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Flavors tested in this study yielded different patterns of nicotine delivery and led to differences in reduction in smoking urges. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: #NCT02575885.
Authors: Saul Shiffman; Mark A Sembower; Janine L Pillitteri; Karen K Gerlach; Joseph G Gitchell Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2015-01-07 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Meghan E Morean; Harriet de Wit; Andrea C King; Mehmet Sofuoglu; Sandra Y Rueger; Stephanie S O'Malley Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2012-12-28 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: Maciej L Goniewicz; Michal Gawron; Danielle M Smith; Margaret Peng; Peyton Jacob; Neal L Benowitz Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2016-08-17 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Liane M Schneller; Maansi Bansal-Travers; Maciej L Goniewicz; Scott McIntosh; Deborah Ossip; Richard J O'Connor Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-08-23 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Shampa Chatterjee; Alessandra Caporale; Jian Qin Tao; Wensheng Guo; Alyssa Johncola; Andrew A Strasser; Frank T Leone; Michael C Langham; Felix W Wehrli Journal: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Date: 2020-11-20 Impact factor: 4.733