Ebrahim Bani Hassan1,2, Ali Ghasem-Zadeh1,3, Mahdi Imani1,2, Numan Kutaiba4, David K Wright5, Tara Sepehrizadeh6, Gustavo Duque7,8. 1. Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia. 2. Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia. 3. Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 4. Austin Health, Department of Radiology, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia. 5. Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 6. Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 7. Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia. gustavo.duque@unimelb.edu.au. 8. Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia. gustavo.duque@unimelb.edu.au.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The significance and roles of marrow adipose tissue (MAT) are increasingly known, and it is no more considered a passive fat storage but a tissue with significant paracrine and endocrine activities that can cause lipotoxicity and inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS: Changes in the MAT volume and fatty acid composition appear to drive bone and hematopoietic marrow deterioration, and studying it may open new horizons to predict bone fragility and anemia development. MAT has the potential to negatively impact bone volume and strength through several mechanisms that are partially described by inflammaging and lipotoxicity terminology. Evidence indicates paramount importance of MAT in age-associated decline of bone and red marrow structure and function. Currently, MAT measurement is being tested and validated by several techniques. However, purpose-specific adaptation of existing imaging technologies and, more importantly, development of new modalities to quantitatively measure MAT are yet to be done.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The significance and roles of marrow adipose tissue (MAT) are increasingly known, and it is no more considered a passive fat storage but a tissue with significant paracrine and endocrine activities that can cause lipotoxicity and inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS: Changes in the MAT volume and fatty acid composition appear to drive bone and hematopoietic marrow deterioration, and studying it may open new horizons to predict bone fragility and anemia development. MAT has the potential to negatively impact bone volume and strength through several mechanisms that are partially described by inflammaging and lipotoxicity terminology. Evidence indicates paramount importance of MAT in age-associated decline of bone and red marrow structure and function. Currently, MAT measurement is being tested and validated by several techniques. However, purpose-specific adaptation of existing imaging technologies and, more importantly, development of new modalities to quantitatively measure MAT are yet to be done.
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